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首页> 外文期刊>PLoS One >Human-centric infrastructure resilience: Uncovering well-being risk disparity due to infrastructure disruptions in disasters
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Human-centric infrastructure resilience: Uncovering well-being risk disparity due to infrastructure disruptions in disasters

机译：以人为本的基础设施弹性：由于灾难中的基础设施中断，揭示幸福风险差异

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The objective of this paper is to empirically examine the impacts of infrastructure service disruptions on the well-being of vulnerable populations during disasters. There are limited studies that empirically evaluate the extent to which disruptions in infrastructure system services impact subpopulation groups differently and how these impacts relate to the wellbeing of households. Being able to systematically capture the differential experiences of sub-populations in a community due to infrastructure disruptions is necessary to highlight the differential needs and inequities that households have. In order to address this knowledge gap, this study derives an empirical relationship between sociodemographic factors of households and their subjective well-being impacts due to disruptions in various infrastructure services during and immediately after Hurricane Harvey. Statistical analysis driven by spearman-rank order correlations and fisher-z tests indicated significant disparities in well-being due to service disruptions among vulnerable population groups. The characterization of subjective well-being is used to explain to what extent infrastructure service disruptions influence different subpopulations. The results show that: (1) disruptions in transportation, solid waste, food, and water infrastructure services resulted in more significant well-being impact disparities as compared to electricity and communication services; (2) households identifying as Black and African American experienced well-being impact due to disruptions in food, transportation, and solid waste services; and (3) households were more likely to feel helpless, difficulty doing daily tasks and feeling distance from their community as a result of service disruptions. The findings present novel insights into understanding the role of infrastructure resilience in household well-being and highlights why it is so important to use approaches that consider various factors. Infrastructure resilience models tend to be monolithic. The results provide empirical and quantitative evidence of the inequalities in well-being impacts across various sub-populations. The research approach and findings enable a paradigm shift towards a more human-centric approach to infrastructure resilience.
机译：本文的目的是经验审查基础设施服务中断对灾害期间脆弱群体的福祉的影响。有限的研究是有限的，经验评估基础设施系统服务中断的程度，影响亚保护群体的影响与众不同，以及这些影响如何与家庭的福祉有关。由于基础设施中断，能够系统地捕获社区中子群体的差分经验是必要的，以突出家庭的差异需求和不公平。为了解决这一知识差距，由于在哈维飓风哈维后和立即在哈维飓风后和立即发生了各种基础设施服务中的中断，因此源于家庭社会造成因子与主观幸福影响之间的实证关系。由于脆弱的人口群体之间的服务中断，由Spearman-randers ressiration和Fisher-Z测试驱动的统计分析表明福祉的显着差异。主观福祉的表征用于解释基础设施服务中断在多大程度上影响不同的亚步骤。结果表明：（1）与电力和通信服务相比，运输，固体废物，食品和水基础设施服务中断导致更为显着的良好影响差距; （2）由于食品，运输和固体废物服务中断，识别为黑人和非洲裔美国人的家庭经验丰富地影响; （3）家庭更有可能感到无助，难以根据服务中断而遇到社区的日常任务和感觉距离。该调查结果提出了对理解基础设施恢复力在家庭福祉中的作用，突出了为什么使用考虑各种因素的方法如此重要。基础设施弹性模型往往是单片的。结果提供了对各种子人群的幸福影响的不平等的经验和量化证据。研究方法和调查结果使得范式转向更为以人性化的基础设施恢复力的方法。

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