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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Infectious Diseases >Antibiotic prescriptions for children younger than 5?years with acute upper respiratory infections in China: a retrospective nationwide claims database study
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Antibiotic prescriptions for children younger than 5?years with acute upper respiratory infections in China: a retrospective nationwide claims database study

机译：患有5岁以下儿童的抗生素处方，患有急性上呼吸道感染的年龄：追溯全国索赔数据库研究

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In China, there were few studies to estimate antibiotic use for children with upper respiratory infections at the national level. The aim of this study was to describe the antibiotic prescribing practice for children aged ?5?years old with upper respiratory infections (URIs) using a nationwide claims database. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using a sampled database from the China Health Insurance Research Association (CHIRA). Study subjects included children younger than 5?years with outpatient visits in 2015 that resulted in a diagnosis of a upper respiratory infection. We calculated the percentage of visits who received antibiotics, the proportion of injection formulations, the percentage of combined antibiotics and the proportion of each antibiotic class. The patterns of antibiotic prescription were also described by medical institution type, city level and geographical region. Among the 92,821 visits, 27.1% were prescribed antibiotics, of which 27.0% received injection formulations. The rate of antibiotic prescribing varied by age group (P??0.001), with the lowest (16.0%) in infants and the highest in patients at age 3 to ?4?years (29.9%) and age 4 to ?5?years (32.5%). The Midwestern region, underdeveloped cities and low-level hospitals represented relatively higher rates of prescribing antibiotics (P??0.001) and higher proportions of injection dosage forms (P??0.001). The most 3 common antibiotic classes prescribed of all visits with antibiotic prescriptions were the third-generation cephalosporins (34.9%), macrolides (24.3%), and the second-generation cephalosporins (23.3%). In mainland China, the overall rate of antibacterial prescribing and the proportion of injection formulations prescribed in children under 5?years with URIs were at a low level, but still higher in underdeveloped regions and cities. Moreover, the overuse of the second and third generation cephalosporins, macrolides, remains a serious issue. Further efforts should be focused on reducing those non-first-line antibiotic prescribing and narrowing the gaps among regions and cities.
机译：在中国，少数研究估计国家一级上呼吸道感染儿童的抗生素用途。本研究的目的是描述年龄患者的儿童的抗生素规定实践。使用全国索赔数据库，具有上呼吸道感染（URIS）的儿童患儿。这是使用来自中国健康保险研究协会（Chira）的采样数据库的回顾性横截面研究。学习科目包括年龄小于5岁的儿童，2015年的门诊观察值导致诊断上呼吸道感染。我们计算了接受抗生素，注射配方比例，组合抗生素比例和每种抗生素类比例的百分比。医疗机构类型，城市等级和地理区域还描述了抗生素处方模式。在92,821次访问中，规定的抗生素27.1％，其中27.0％接受注射制剂。抗生素规定的速率因年龄组而变化（p≤≤0.001），婴儿最低（16.0％），患者的最高（16.0％）和3岁的患者最高，＆？4？年龄（29.9％）和4岁＆ 5？五年（32.5％）。中西部地区，欠发达的城市和低级医院代表规定抗生素的比率相对较高（p？＆Δ0.001）和更高比例的注射剂型（p≤≤0.001）。具有抗生素处方的所有常见抗生素类的3个常见的抗生素类是第三代头孢菌素（34.9％），大啰啉（24.3％）和第二代头孢菌素（23.3％）。在中国大陆，抗菌规定的总体速率和5岁以下儿童中的注射配方比例患有尿素的较低，但欠发达地区和城市仍然较高。此外，第二代和第三代头孢菌素的过度使用，大啰啉，仍然是一个严重的问题。进一步的努力应重点努力减少那些非一线抗生素处方并缩小地区和城市之间的差距。

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