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首页> 外文期刊>Biogeosciences >Wildfire history of the boreal forest of south-western Yakutia (Siberia) over the last two millennia documented by a lake-sediment charcoal record
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Wildfire history of the boreal forest of south-western Yakutia (Siberia) over the last two millennia documented by a lake-sediment charcoal record

机译：南部南部北部北部的野火历史（西伯利亚）在过去的两千年中由湖泊沉积物木炭记录文件

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Wildfires, as a key disturbance in forest ecosystems, are shaping the world's boreal landscapes. Changes in fire regimes are closely linked to a wide array of environmental factors, such as vegetation composition, climate change, and human activity. Arctic and boreal regions and, in particular, Siberian boreal forests are experiencing rising air and ground temperatures with the subsequent degradation of permafrost soils leading to shifts in tree cover and species composition. Compared to the boreal zones of North America or Europe, little is known about how such environmental changes might influence long-term fire regimes in Russia. The larch-dominated eastern Siberian deciduous boreal forests differ markedly from the composition of other boreal forests, yet data about past fire regimes remain sparse. Here, we present a high-resolution macroscopic charcoal record from lacustrine sediments of Lake Khamra (south-west Yakutia, Siberia) spanning the last ca.?2200?years, including information about charcoal particle sizes and morphotypes. Our results reveal a phase?of increased charcoal accumulation between 600 and 900?CE, indicative of relatively high amounts of burnt biomass and high fire frequencies. This is followed by an almost 900-year-long period of low charcoal accumulation without significant peaks likely corresponding to cooler climate conditions. After 1750?CE fire frequencies and the relative amount of biomass burnt start to increase again, coinciding with a warming climate and increased anthropogenic land development after Russian colonization. In the 20th century, total charcoal accumulation decreases again to very low levels despite higher fire frequency, potentially reflecting a change in fire management strategies and/or a shift of the fire regime towards more frequent but smaller fires. A similar pattern for different charcoal morphotypes and comparison to a pollen and non-pollen palynomorph (NPP) record from the same sediment core indicate that broad-scale changes in vegetation composition were probably not a major driver of recorded fire regime changes. Instead, the fire regime of the last two millennia at Lake Khamra seems to be controlled mainly by a combination of short-term climate variability and anthropogenic fire ignition and suppression.
机译：野火是森林生态系统的关键障碍，正在塑造世界的北方景观。消防制度的变化与广泛的环境因素密切相关，例如植被成分，气候变化和人类活动。北极和北方地区，特别是西伯利亚北部森林正在经历上升的空气和地下温度，随后的永久冻土土壤降解导致树木覆盖和物种组成。与北美或欧洲的北方区域相比，关于这种环境变化如何影响俄罗斯的长期消防制度，众所周知。 Larch-Cominated Eastern Siberian落叶植物森林与其他北方森林的构成显着不同，但有关过去的火灾制度的数据仍然稀疏。在这里，我们展示了跨越CA.?2200？年的Lake Khamra（西南雅库特，西伯利亚）的湖泊沉积物的高分辨率宏观木炭记录，包括有关木炭粒子尺寸和Mor型号的信息。我们的结果揭示了一个相位阶段的阶段？在600和900之间增加的木炭积累，指示相对大量的烧伤生物质和高火频率。其次是近900年长的低木炭积聚时期，而没有显着的峰值可能对应于较冷的气候条件。 1750年之后？CE火频率和生物量的相对数量再次增加，俄罗斯殖民化后的温暖气候和人为土地开发增加。在20世纪，尽管火频更高，但潜在地反映了较高的火灾频率和/或将火灾制度转移更频繁但较小的火灾变化，但仍将极低的级别再次降低到极低的水平。与不同沉积物核心的不同木炭Morothic型的类似模式和与花粉和非花粉的野生植物（NPP）记录表明植被组成的广泛变化可能不是记录的消防制度变化的主要驱动因素。相反，哈姆拉湖最后两千年的消防制度似乎主要是通过短期气候变异性和人为火灾点火和抑制的组合来控制。

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