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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Climate Change >Towards Increasing Data Availability for Meteorological Services: Inter-Comparison of Meteorological Data from a Synoptic Weather Station and Two Automatic Weather Stations in Kenya
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Towards Increasing Data Availability for Meteorological Services: Inter-Comparison of Meteorological Data from a Synoptic Weather Station and Two Automatic Weather Stations in Kenya

机译：为了提高气象服务的数据可用性：来自康复气象站的气象数据和肯尼亚的两个自动气象站的间流数据的互相比较

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Meteorological data is useful for varied applications and sectors ranging from weather and climate forecasting, landscape planning to disaster management among others. However, the availability of these data requires a good network of manual meteorological stations and other support systems for its collection, recording, processing, archiving, communication and dissemination. In sub-Saharan Africa, such networks are limited due to low investment and capacity. To bridge this gap, the National Meteorological Services in Kenya and few others from African countries have moved to install a number of Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) in the past decade including a few additions from private institutions and individuals. Although these AWSs have the potential to improve the existing observation network and the early warning systems in the region, the quality and capacity of the data collected from the stations are not well exploited. This is mainly due to low confidence, by data users, in electronically observed data. In this study, we set out to confirm that electronically observed data is of comparable quality to a human observer recorded data, and can thus be used to bridge data gaps at temporal and spatial scales. To assess this potential, we applied the simple Pearson correlation method and other statistical tests and approaches by conducting inter-comparison analysis of weather observations from the manual synoptic station and data from two Automatic Weather Stations (TAHMO and 3D-PAWS) co-located at KMD Headquarters to establish existing consistencies and variances in several weather parameters. Results show there is comparable consistency in most of the weather parameters between the three stations. Strong associations were noted between the TAHMO and manual station data for minimum (r = 0.65) and maximum temperatures (r = 0.86) and the maximum temperature between TAHMO and 3DPAWS (r = 0.56). Similar associations were indicated for surface pressure (r = 0.99) and RH (r > 0.6) with the weakest correlations occurring in wind direction and speed. The Shapiro test for normality assumption indicated that the distribution of several parameters compared between the 3 stations were normally distributed (p > 0.05). We conclude that these findings can be used as a basis for wider use of data sets from Automatic Weather Stations in Kenya and elsewhere. This can inform various applications in weather and climate related decisions.
机译：气象数据对于不同的应用和行业，范围从天气和气候预测范围内，景观计划与其他人之间的灾害管理。然而，这些数据的可用性需要良好的手动气象站网络和其他支持系统，用于其收集，记录，处理，存档，沟通和传播。在撒哈拉以南非洲，由于投资低和能力，这些网络受到限制。为弥补这一差距，肯尼亚的民族气象服务和来自非洲国家的少数其他人在过去的十年中搬到了许多自动气象站（AWSS），包括私营机构和个人的几个补充。虽然这些AWSS有可能改善现有的观察网络和该地区的预警系统，但从站收集的数据的质量和容量没有得到很好的利用。这主要是由于电子用户观察数据中的数据用户的低信心。在本研究中，我们开始确认电子观测的数据对人类观察者记录数据具有可比的质量，因此可以用于在时间和空间尺度处桥接数据间隙。为了评估这种潜力，我们通过从手动舞台站和来自两个自动气象站（Tahmo和3D-Paws）的手动观测的天气观测相互比较分析来应用简单的Pearson相关方法和其他统计测试和方法KMD总部设立了几种天气参数中的现有一致性和差异。结果表明，三站之间的大部分天气参数都有相当的一致性。在TAHMO和手动站数据之间注意到最小（R = 0.65）和最大温度（R = 0.86）和TAHMO和3DPAW之间的最高温度之间的强烈关联（R = 0.56）之间。在风向和速度中出现最弱的相关性，表明表面压力（R = 0.99）和RH（R> 0.6）的类似关联。正常假设的Shapiro测试表明，在3站之间比较了几个参数的分布，通常分布（P> 0.05）。我们得出结论，这些发现可以用作更广泛地使用来自肯尼亚和其他地方的自动气象站的数据集的基础。这可以在天气和气候相关决策中提供各种应用。

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