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首页> 外文期刊>Open Journal of Urology >Epidemiological and Clinical Pattern of Open Fractures of Long Bones of the Lower Limbs in the South-West Region of Cameroon: A 5-Year Review
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Epidemiological and Clinical Pattern of Open Fractures of Long Bones of the Lower Limbs in the South-West Region of Cameroon: A 5-Year Review

机译：喀麦隆西南地区小肢长骨开放骨折的流行病学与临床模式：5年来综述

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Background: An open fracture is an injury in which the fracture site and/or hematoma communicates with the external environment. It is associated with significant morbidity and disability and is a challenge to the surgical team. The lower extremities are the most often exposed to traumatic injuries compared to other anatomical parts of the body. Patterns of open fractures differ with different mechanisms of injury and the segment of the long bone affected. The correct and timely management of open fractures is beneficial to the patients and lead s to a more favorable outcome. This study aimed at describing the pattern of open fractures of long bones of the lower limb treated in 3 major hospitals of the south west region, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a hospital-based retrospective review of files of patients with open fractures of long bones of the lower limb managed at the surgical units of three secondary health facilities in the South-West region of Cameroon from the 1 ~( st ) of January 2015 to the 31 ~( st ) of December 2019. The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded. The data was stored and analyzed using Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS version 23.0 respectively. Results: A total of 195 files of patients aged 8 to 80 years were studied. The main age group affected was between 20 - 40 years. There were 147 (75.4%) males and 48 (24.6%) females giving a sex-ratio of 3.1:1. The most common cause was road traffic crashes 142 (72.8%). In 98 cases (50.3%) , the left side was more involved. The tibia was the most common long bone affected in 75 (38.5%) cases. Comminuted fracture was the most common fracture pattern encountered in 126 cases (64.6%). A total of 76 (39%) fractures were graded Gustilo-Anderson IIIA. External fixator was used in 112 cases (57.1%) and internal fixator in 86 cases (42.9%). We recorded 127 (65.1%) cases of wound infection and 143 (73.3%) cases of limb shortening as the most common complications. Other complications include : 20 cases (17.1%) of mal-union, 27 cases (22.5%) of delayed union, 18 cases (15.1%) of non-union and 50 cases (38.5%) chronic osteomyelitis. We recorded a mortality of 2.1%. Gustilo IIIB and IIIC were associated to chronic osteomyelitis (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Open fractures of long bones of the lower limb affect the active age group of the population and road traffic crashes are the most common causes. It tends to affect the left side and the tibia being the most fractured long bone. A reasonable proportion of these fractures subsequently get infected. Comminuted fracture is the common fracture pattern.
机译：背景：开放性骨折是一种损伤，其中裂缝部位和/或血肿与外部环境连通。它与显着的发病率和残疾有关，对外科手术致敬。与身体的其他解剖部件相比，下肢最常暴露于创伤损伤。开口骨折的图案不同于不同的损伤机制和受影响的长骨的段。对开放性骨折的正确和及时管理对患者有益，并导致更有利的结果。本研究旨在描述在喀麦隆南部3大型医院治疗的下肢长骨的开放性骨折模式。 方法论：这是一家基于医院的回顾性回顾，对喀麦隆西南地区的三次卫生设施的手术单位，从1〜〜（ 2015年1月至2019年12月31〜（ST）的圣诞老了。记录了社会人口统计学特征，临床介绍，治疗方式和结果。使用EPI Info V7.0和SPSS版本23.0存储和分析数据。 结果：研究了195岁患者8至80年的患者。受影响的主要年龄群在20至40岁之间。有147名（75.4％）的男性和48名（24.6％）女性，其性别比为3.1：1。最常见的原因是道路交通崩溃142（72.8％）。在98例（50.3％）中，左侧更有涉及。胫骨是75（38.5％）患者影响的最常见的长骨。粉碎骨折是126例遇到的最常见的骨折模式（64.6％）。总共76（39％）骨折是甘洛戈斯逊IIIA的碎片。外部固定器在112例（57.1％）和内固定器中使用86例（42.9％）。我们记录了127例（65.1％）伤口感染病例，143例（73.3％）肢体缩短为最常见的并发症。其他并发症包括：20例（17.1％）的Mal-Union，27例（22.5％）延迟联合，18例（15.1％）非联盟和50例（38.5％）慢性骨髓炎。我们记录了2.1％的死亡率。 Gustilo IIIB和IIIC与慢性骨髓炎（P = 0.02）相关。 结论：下肢长骨的开放性骨折影响人口和道路交通崩溃的活跃年龄组是最常见的原因。它往往会影响左侧，胫骨是最骨折的长骨。这些骨折的合理比例随后受到感染。粉碎骨折是常见的骨折图案。

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