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20 years of Portuguese drug policy - developments, challenges and the quest for human rights

机译：葡萄牙毒品政策的20年 - 发展，挑战和对人权的追求

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Portugal decriminalized the public and private use, acquisition, and possession of all drugs in 2000; adopting an approach focused on public health rather than public-order priorities. Arguing that the Portuguese Drug Policy Model has not proven influential enough to emancipate drug use from the stigma that associates it either with crime or pathology, this article critically discusses the developments and current challenges the Portuguese drug policy confronts, namely the growing diversity of drug use patterns observed in Portugal as well as in Europe. To this end, international and national legal instruments concerning drugs and official local data were analysed. Despite encouraging results, conclusions indicate that these policies are marked by contradictions and ambiguities that have permeated its history since the very beginning, and modest ambitions, particularly regarding the implementation of harm reduction measures. Moreover, the polemical Supreme Court judgment that reestablished, in 2008, drug use as a crime when the quantities at play exceeded those required for an average individual’s use for 10?days, might have impacted the landscape of drug use penalization. The last decade saw an increase of punitiveness targeted at drug users, including criminal sentences of jail terms. We finish with some suggestions that could be employed in the practical application of drug policy.
机译：葡萄牙在2000年将公共和私人使用，收购和拥有所有毒品减少;采用一家专注于公共卫生而非公共秩序的方法。辩称，葡萄牙药物政策模型并没有证明可以有可能从犯罪或病理学将其与罪恶联系起来的耻辱，这篇文章讨论了葡萄牙药物政策面对的发展和目前的挑战，即药物使用的越来越多的多样性在葡萄牙和欧洲观察到的模式。为此，分析了有关药物和官方数据数据的国际和国家法律文书。尽管结果令人鼓舞，结论表明，这些政策是由攻击和歧视的标志，这些政策已经渗透了其历史，自于一开始，特别是雄心壮志，特别是关于实施伤害措施。此外，2008年，在剧本的数量超过10个月的票据所需的数量超过10日时，2008年，药物最高法院的判决将作为犯罪的判决，可能会影响毒品使用惩罚的景观。过去十年，在吸毒者中增加了针对毒性的惩罚性，包括监禁条款的刑事判决。我们结束了一些可以在药物政策的实际应用中使用的建议。

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