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Ethical Applications of Artificial Intelligence: Evidence From Health Research on Veterans

机译：人工智能的伦理应用：退伍军人健康研究的证据

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Background Despite widespread agreement that artificial intelligence (AI) offers significant benefits for individuals and society at large, there are also serious challenges to overcome with respect to its governance. Recent policymaking has focused on establishing principles for the trustworthy use of AI. Adhering to these principles is especially important for ensuring that the development and application of AI raises economic and social welfare, including among vulnerable groups and veterans. Objective We explore the newly developed principles around trustworthy AI and how they can be readily applied at scale to vulnerable groups that are potentially less likely to benefit from technological advances. Methods Using the US Department of Veterans Affairs as a case study, we explore the principles of trustworthy AI that are of particular interest for vulnerable groups and veterans. Results We focus on three principles: (1) designing, developing, acquiring, and using AI so that the benefits of its use significantly outweigh the risks and the risks are assessed and managed; (2) ensuring that the application of AI occurs in well-defined domains and is accurate, effective, and fit for the intended purposes; and (3) ensuring that the operations and outcomes of AI applications are sufficiently interpretable and understandable by all subject matter experts, users, and others. Conclusions These principles and applications apply more generally to vulnerable groups, and adherence to them can allow the VA and other organizations to continue modernizing their technology governance, leveraging the gains of AI while simultaneously managing its risks.
机译：背景技术尽管人工智能（AI）为个人和社会提供了大量利益，但对其治理也有严重挑战。最近的政策制定专注于建立标准使用AI的原则。遵守这些原则对确保AI的发展和应用提高了经济和社会福利，包括弱势群体和退伍军人。目的我们探讨了可信赖的AI周围的新开发的原则以及如何在规模到弱势群体的易受攻击的群体，这些原则可能不太可能从技术进步中受益。方法采用美国退伍军人事务部门作为案例研究，探讨了弱势群体和退伍军人特别兴趣的值得信赖的AI原则。结果我们专注于三个原则：（1）设计，开发，获取和使用AI，以便其使用的好处显着超过了风险，并评估和管理风险; （2）确保AI的应用发生在明确定义的域中，并且准确，有效，适合预期目的; （3）确保AI申请的运营和结果是充分解释的，所有主题专家，用户和其他人都可以理解。结论这些原则和申请更普遍地适用于弱势群体，并遵守他们可以允许VA和其他组织继续现代化其技术治理，利用AI的收益同时管理其风险。

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