...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Radiative and chemical implications of the size and composition of aerosol particles in the existing or modified global stratosphere
【24h】

Radiative and chemical implications of the size and composition of aerosol particles in the existing or modified global stratosphere

机译：现有或改良的全球平流层中气溶胶颗粒的大小和组成的辐射和化学意义

获取原文
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The size of aerosol particles has fundamental effects on their chemistry and radiative effects. We explore those effects using aerosol size and composition data in the lowermost stratosphere along with calculations of light scattering. In the size range between about 0.1 and 1.0? μm diameter (accumulation mode), there are at least two modes of particles in the lowermost stratosphere. The larger mode consists mostly of particles produced in the stratosphere, and the smaller mode consists mostly of particles transported from the troposphere. The stratospheric mode is similar in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, whereas the tropospheric mode is much more abundant in the Northern Hemisphere. The purity of sulfuric acid particles in the stratospheric mode shows that there is limited production of secondary organic aerosol in the stratosphere, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. Out of eight sets of flights sampling the lowermost stratosphere (four seasons and two hemispheres) there were three with large injections of specific materials: volcanic, biomass burning, or dust. The stratospheric and tropospheric modes have very different roles for radiative effects on climate and for heterogeneous chemistry. Because the larger particles are more efficient at scattering light, most of the radiative effect in the lowermost stratosphere is due to stratospheric particles. In contrast, the tropospheric particles can have more surface area, at least in the Northern Hemisphere. The surface area of tropospheric particles could have significant implications for heterogeneous chemistry because these particles, which are partially neutralized and contain organics, do not correspond to the substances used for laboratory studies of stratospheric heterogeneous chemistry. We then extend the analysis of size-dependent properties to particles injected into the stratosphere, either intentionally or from volcanoes. There is no single size that will simultaneously maximize the climate impact relative to the injected mass, infrared heating, potential for heterogeneous chemistry, and undesired changes in direct sunlight. In addition, light absorption in the far ultraviolet is identified as an issue requiring more study for both the existing and potentially modified stratosphere.
机译：气溶胶颗粒的大小对其化学和辐射效果具有根本的影响。我们探索使用气溶胶尺寸和最低层平流层中的组成数据的那些效果以及光散射的计算。在约0.1和1.0之间的尺寸范围内？ μm直径（累积模式），最下面的平流层中至少有两种颗粒。较大的模式主要由平流层产生的颗粒组成，较小的模式主要由从对流层传输的颗粒组成。北半球北部和南半球的平流层模式相似，而北半球的对流模式在北半球更丰富。平流层模式中硫酸颗粒的纯度表明，平流层中的二次有机气溶胶产生有限，特别是在南半球。在八套飞行中取样了最下面的平流层（四季和两个半球），有三种具有大量的特定材料：火山，生物量燃烧或灰尘。平流层和对流层模式具有非常不同的作用对气候和异质化学的辐射作用。因为较大的颗粒在散射光处更有效，所以最下层平流层中的大多数辐射效果是由于平坦晶体颗粒。相反，对流层颗粒可以具有更多的表面积，至少在北半球中。对流层颗粒的表面积可能对非均相化学产生重大影响，因为这些颗粒被部分中和并含有有机物，不对应于用于平流层异质化学的实验室研究的物质。然后，我们将依赖于依赖性特性的分析扩展到故意或从火山中注入平流层的颗粒。没有单一的尺寸，将同时最大化相对于注入的物质，红外线加热，异质化学潜力的气候影响以及阳光直射的不期望的变化。此外，远紫外线中的光吸收被鉴定为需要更多研究现有和潜在修饰的平流层的问题。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号