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首页> 外文期刊>Developmental cognitive neuroscience. >Newborns’ neural processing of native vowels reveals directional asymmetries
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Newborns’ neural processing of native vowels reveals directional asymmetries

机译：新生儿的神经加工天然元音揭示了定向不对称

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Prenatal learning of speech rhythm and melody is well documented. Much less is known about the earliest acquisition of segmental speech categories. We tested whether newborn infants perceive native vowels, but not nonspeech sounds, through some existing (proto-)categories, and whether they do so more robustly for some vowels than for others. Sensory event-related potentials (ERP), and mismatch responses (MMR), were obtained from 104 neonates acquiring Czech. The ERPs elicited by vowels were larger than the ERPs to nonspeech sounds, and reflected the differences between the individual vowel categories. The MMRs to changes in vowels but not in nonspeech sounds revealed left-lateralized asymmetrical processing patterns: a change from a focal [a] to a nonfocal [?], and the change from short [?] to long [?:] elicited more negative MMR responses than reverse changes. Contrary to predictions, we did not find evidence of a developmental advantage for vowel length contrasts (supposedly most readily available in utero) over vowel quality contrasts (supposedly less salient in utero). An explanation for these asymmetries in terms of differential degree of prior phonetic warping of speech sounds is proposed. Future studies with newborns with different language backgrounds should test whether the prenatal learning scenario proposed here is plausible.
机译：言语节奏和旋律的产前学习得到了很好的记录。关于最早收购分段致辞类别的众所周知。我们测试了新生儿是否通过一些现有（PROTO-）类别，而不是NonsPeech听起来，而不是NonsPeech声音，以及它们是否比其他元音更加强大。来自104个新生儿获取捷克的感觉活动相关电位（ERP）和不匹配响应（MMR）。元音引起的ERP大于ERPS到NONSPeech的声音，并反映了个体元音类别之间的差异。 MMR在元音中的变化但不是在非垂直的声音中揭示了左侧化的不对称处理模式：从焦点[a]变为非焦点[？]的变化，并且从短暂[？]到长[？：]被引发更多负MMR响应而不是反向变化。与预测相反，我们没有发现具有元音长度对比度的发育优势的证据（所谓的Utero最容易获得）在元音质量对比度（所谓的Uttero中突出）。提出了在语音声音的先前语音翘曲的差分程度方面对这些不对称的解释。与不同语言背景的新生儿的未来研究应该测试这里提出的产前学习情景是否是合理的。

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