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Planning Digital Transformation of Care in Rural Areas

机译：规划农村护理数字转型

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Over the next 30 years, one in three inhabitants of Europe and the USA will be 65 years old or older and nearly half will be 50+. The forms and structure of consumption will change, and the needs of older workers will change the production environment, as well as the requirements of distribution. Older people will become not only an engine of consumption in the silver economy but also valuable human resources, which will require them to adapt to the needs of their working environment. Older adults are exposed to risks of events leading to ill health and disability or even death. The rural population is even further away from service centres, which further prevents timely care and preventive care when needed. Smart silver villages using wireless sensors networks embedded in cyber-physical systems using Internet of Things (IoT) as an infrastructure, along with big data and machine learning can support older adults to stay independent longer in their community and mitigate the risk of events leading to ill health and disability. Ambient Assisted Living technologies offer older adults real-time control of activities in their villages and are expected to improve the control of decline in functional capacities of older adults and therefore, improve their quality of life. Ambient intelligence could enable older adults to live safer and thus, longer, in their villages and postpone or even prevent their relocation to a nursing home. Older adults suffer from frailty and decline in physical and cognitive functional capacities and therefore, experience decreased mobility, which can lead to difficulties with activities of daily living. The central gap found in the literature review is a lack of the common dataset for forecasting the needs of older adults and measurement of quality of technologies embedded in smart villages. We need a proper recording of patterns of decline in functional capacities which can cause events leading to ill health and disability. Development of technologies in the last 20 years has created possibilities for developing various models, tools and techniques for supporting older adults to live safer lives and be more well-connected in their communities. Based on these developments, we propose the multi-state competing risk model for control of events leading to ill health and disabilities and show how to forecast the growth of these needs. This approach is especially important for rural areas where the distances and time delays between detection and reaction are too long.
机译：在接下来的30年里，欧洲和美国三名居民的一个将是65岁或以上，近一半将是50+。消费的形式和结构将改变，老年工人的需求将改变生产环境，以及分布的要求。老年人不仅成为银色经济中的消费引擎，而且还有宝贵的人力资源，这将需要他们适应其工作环境的需求。老年人面临着导致健康和残疾甚至死亡的事件的风险。农村人口甚至远离服务中心，这进一步防止了需要在需要时处理和预防性保健。智能银村采用无线传感器网络嵌入在网上物理系统中使用物联网（物联网）作为基础设施，随着大数据和机器学习，可以支持老年人在其社区中保持独立，并减轻导致事件的风险健康和残疾。环境辅助生活技术提供老年人的实时控制村庄的活动，预计将改善老年人功能能力下降的控制，从而提高他们的生活质量。环境智能可以使老年人能够更安全，因此，在他们的村庄和推迟中，甚至阻止他们的搬运到养老院。老年人患有身体和认知功能能力的脆弱和下降，因此，移动性减少，这可能导致日常生活活动的困难。文献综述中发现的中央缺口是缺乏预测老年人需求的共同数据集，以及嵌入在智能村庄的技术的质量。我们需要妥善录制功能能力下降模式，这可能导致导致健康状况不佳和残疾。在过去的20年里，技术的发展已经产生了开发各种型号，工具和技术的可能性，为支持更安全的成年人生活更安全的生活，并在社区中更良好地联系。根据这些发展，我们提出了控制导致健康和残疾人的事件的多国竞争风险模型，并展示如何预测这些需求的增长。这种方法对农村地区尤为重要，其中检测和反应之间的距离和时间延迟太长。

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