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Optimization of Performance, Price, and Background of Long Neutron Guides for European Spallation Source

机译：优化欧洲椎间源源长中子指南的性能，价格和背景

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摘要

We describe a systematic approach for the design of long, ballistic cold, and thermal neutron guides for the European Spallation Source (ESS). The guides investigated in this work are 170 m long and are required to have a narrowing point with room for a pulse shaping chopper placed 6 m from the moderator. In addition, most guides avoid line-of-sight from the moderator to the sample. The guides are optimized in order to find a reasonable trade-off between neutronics performance and construction price. The geometries simulated are closely related to the thermal-neutron multi-length-scale diffractometer HEIMDAL and the cold-neutron multi-analyser spectrometer BIFROST. For the cold-neutron guide an inexpensive solution was found that maintains good transport properties, while avoiding line-of-sight. However, for the thermal-neutron guide the losses when avoiding line-of-sight are large and it seems a good choice to stay in line-of-sight, even though this will increase both the shielding costs and fast-neutron background. The results are of general relevance for the understanding of the relation between transport, background, and price of long neutron guides.
机译：我们描述了欧洲椎间壳源（ESS）的长，弹道感冒和热中子指南设计的系统方法。在这项工作中调查的指南长170米，并且需要具有狭窄点，其中脉冲整形斩波器从主持人放置6米。此外，大多数指南避免了从主持人到样品的视线。指南经过优化，以便在中型性能和施工价格之间找到合理的权衡。模拟的几何形状与热 - 中子多长度衍射仪对米模和冷中子多分析仪光谱仪Bifrost密切相关。对于冷中子指导，发现廉价的溶液，保持良好的运输性能，同时避免视线。然而，对于避免视线时的热中子引导损失很大，似乎是留在视线中的良好选择，即使这将增加屏蔽成本和快速中子背景。结果对于了解运输，背景和长中子指南价格之间的关系的概括。

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