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Comprehensive Understanding of Hillocks and Ion Tracks in Ceramics Irradiated with Swift Heavy Ions

机译：综合了解陶瓷陶瓷中的小丘和离子轨道，迅速沉重离子照射

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Amorphizable ceramics (LiNbO3, ZrSiO4, and Gd3Ga5O12) were irradiated with 200 MeV Au ions at an oblique incidence angle, and the as-irradiated samples were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ion tracks in amorphizable ceramics are confirmed to be homogenous along the ion paths. Magnified TEM images show the formation of bell-shaped hillocks. The ion track diameter and hillock diameter are similar for all the amorphizable ceramics, while there is a tendency for the hillocks to be slightly bigger than the ion tracks. For SrTiO3 (STO) and 0.5 wt% niobium-doped STO (Nb-STO), whose hillock formation has not been fully explored, 200 MeV Au ion irradiation and TEM observation were also performed. The ion track diameters in these materials are found to be markedly smaller than the hillock diameters. The ion tracks in these materials exhibit inhomogeneity, which is similar to that reported for non-amorphizable ceramics. On the other hand, the hillocks appear to be amorphous, and the amorphous feature is in contrast to the crystalline feature of hillocks observed in non-amorphizable ceramics. No marked difference is recognized between the nanostructures in STO and those in Nb-STO. The material dependence of the nanostructure formation is explained in terms of the intricate recrystallization process.
机译：在倾斜入射角以200meV au离子用200meV Au离子照射无体化陶瓷（LiNbo3，ZrsiO4和Gd3ga5O12），通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察为照射的样品。无体化陶瓷中的离子轨道被确认沿离子路径均匀。放大的TEM图像显示钟形小丘的形成。离子轨道直径和小丘直径对于所有无形的陶瓷相似，而丘袋倾向于略大于离子轨道。对于SRTIO3（STO）和0.5wt％的铌掺杂的STO（NB-STO），其Hillock形成尚未得到完全探索，也进行了200MeV Au离子照射和TEM观察。这些材料中的离子轨道直径被发现明显小于丘陵直径。这些材料中的离子轨道具有不均匀性，这类似于非无形貌陶瓷报道的那些。另一方面，小丘似乎是无定形的，并且无定形特征与在非无形貌陶瓷中观察到的小丘的晶体特征相反。在STO的纳米结构和NB-STO中没有识别出明显的差异。纳米结构形成的材料依赖性在复杂的重结晶过程中解释。

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