Tree of Life

JONATHON KEATS

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Tree of Life

机译：生命之树

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Jillian Banfield never meant to reinvent the tree of life. But after two decades of studying microbial communities, the University of California, Berkeley, geomicrobiologist realized that previous iterations of the tree, which shows how organisms are genetically related, neglected vast swaths of life's diversity. Half the world's bacteria were missing, because they can't be cultured in the lab. "They depend on other organisms for many basic requirements," Banfield says. (She and her colleagues have identified them only by piecing together fragments of their DNA brought in from the wild.) Informed by more than 1,000 newly sequenced types of microbe, Banfield's new tree reveals the diversity and long lineage of bacteria, which, along with eukaryotes and archaea, represent the three main domains of life. It also reveals how tightly interconnected many organisms are.

机译：Jillian Banfield从未打算重塑生命树。但是，在研究微生物群落二十年之后，加州大学伯克利分校的地球微生物学家意识到，树的先前迭代显示了生物如何与遗传相关，却忽略了生命的多样性。世界上有一半的细菌丢失了，因为它们无法在实验室中进行培养。班菲尔德说：“它们的许多基本要求都依赖于其他生物。” （她和她的同事仅通过将野生的DNA片段拼凑在一起就鉴定出了它们。）班菲尔德（Banfield）的新树受到1000多种新测序的微生物的启发，揭示了细菌的多样性和悠久的血统，以及真核生物和古细菌代表了生活的三个主要领域。它还揭示了许多生物之间的紧密联系。

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《Discover》 |2016年第9期|8-8|共1页
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JONATHON KEATS;
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Tree of Life

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