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Fish Farming Threatens Wild Salmon

机译：养鱼威胁野生鲑鱼

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摘要

When the North Atlantic's stocks of cod, tuna, halibut, and other big ocean predators threatened to collapse in the 1990s after decades of overfishing, consumers and conservationists alike turned their hopes to farming: raising pellet-fattened fish in net pens in bays and channels. But a sweeping analysis published last February shows that farming has only made matters worse for wild salmon. Salmon farms were already known to weaken wild populations by exposing them to lice infestations, interbreeding with escaped farmed fish, and contaminants such as antibiotics, pesticides, and disinfectants. To look at farming's impact on overall survival rates, marine biologists Jennifer Ford and the late Ransom Myers of Dal-housie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, examined three decades' worth of data from Ireland, Scotland, and Canada. The studies measured fish abundance and survival with rod catches, helicopter flyovers, and trapping by fences and fish wheels.
机译：当北大西洋的鳕鱼，金枪鱼，大比目鱼和其他大型海洋捕食者的种群在几十年的过度捕捞后威胁于1990年代崩溃时，消费者和保护主义者都把希望寄托在养殖上：在海湾和航道中用网箱养成颗粒状鱼。但去年2月发表的详尽分析显示，养殖对野生鲑鱼只会使情况变得更糟。众所周知，鲑鱼养殖场会使其遭受虱子侵袭，与逃逸的养殖鱼类杂交以及与抗生素，杀虫剂和消毒剂等污染物发生接触，从而削弱野生种群。为了考察农业对总体生存率的影响，海洋生物学家詹妮弗·福特和已故的新斯科舍省哈利法克斯的达尔侯西大学的Ransom Myers考察了爱尔兰，苏格兰和加拿大三十年来的数据。这项研究通过钓竿捕获，直升飞机立交以及用围栏和鱼轮诱捕来测量鱼类的丰度和存活率。

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