A Tribe Without Numbers

Jane Bosveld

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A Tribe Without Numbers

机译：没有数字的部落

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A small group of hunter/gatherers living in the Amazon rain forest is overturning some fundamental assumptions about the mind. Although linguists have long believed that counting and having words for numbers are basic, if not innate, to human cognition, the Piraha people in Brazil have no words to express numerical concepts such as "one," "two," or "many." "They don't count and they have no number words," says MIT cognitive scientist Edward Gibson, who headed a study published in the journal Cognition. The researchers spent eight days in a Piraha rain forest village conducting counting tests on adult members of the tribe. Sometimes the experimenter placed varying numbers of spools of thread on a table and asked the participant to perform a simple one-to-one task, such as laying down the same quantity of uninflated balloons. Other tasks required remembering how many spools had been placed inside a can.

机译：居住在亚马逊雨林中的一小群猎人/采集者正在颠覆有关思想的一些基本假设。尽管语言学家长期以来一直认为计数和用数字来表达数字是人类认知的基础，即使不是天生的，但是巴西的比拉哈人却没有语言来表达数字概念，例如“一个”，“两个”或“许多”。麻省理工学院认知科学家爱德华·吉布森（Edward Gibson）说：“它们不计数，没有数字词。”该研究的负责人发表在《认知》杂志上。研究人员在一个Piraha雨林村庄里呆了八天，对成年部落的成员进行计数测试。有时，实验者在桌子上放置不同数量的线轴，并要求参与者执行简单的一对一任务，例如放下相同数量的未充气的气球。其他任务需要记住一个罐子里放了多少个线轴。

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《Discover》 |2009年第1期|p.44|共1页
作者
Jane Bosveld;
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中图分类自然科学总论;
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A Tribe Without Numbers

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