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'elite' Immune System Prevents Aids

机译：“精英”免疫系统可预防艾滋病

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A small number of people infected with HIV maintain a low viral load and never become ill. Some scientists have suggested that these people, called elite suppressors, are infected with a different, weaker type of HIV, but a study published in August provides the best evidence to date that in certain people, the immune system is capable of controlling full-strength HIV. The study is the first to document HIV transmission from a patient with AIDS to a patient who has maintained nearly undetectable viral loads. The two patients, husband and wife, have exactly the same strain of the virus, but the wife is an elite suppressor. The researchers found that the woman's CD8+ T cells, a type of immune cell, were exceptionally effective at curbing viral replication. Usually HIV develops mutations that defeat the body's defenses. But in this woman's case, CD8+ T cells directly suppressed replication of the virus, preventing it from evolving into a more virulent form. The researchers concluded that there are at least two mechanisms at work: direct inhibition of viral replication and a selection for mutations of the virus that limit its strength.
机译：少数感染艾滋病毒的人保持较低的病毒载量，从未生病。一些科学家建议，这些被称为“精英抑制者”的人感染了另一种弱势类型的艾滋病毒，但八月份发表的一项研究提供了迄今为止最好的证据，表明某些人的免疫系统能够控制全能。艾滋病病毒。该研究是第一个证明艾滋病毒从艾滋病患者传播到维持几乎无法检测的病毒载量的患者的研究。丈夫和妻子这两个病人的病毒完全相同，但妻子是精英分子。研究人员发现，女性的CD8 + T细胞是一种免疫细胞，在抑制病毒复制方面非常有效。通常，HIV会发展出破坏人体防御系统的突变。但是在这个女人的情况下，CD8 + T细胞直接抑制了病毒的复制，阻止了它演变成更具毒性的形式。研究人员得出结论，至少有两种机制在起作用：直接抑制病毒复制和选择限制其强度的病毒突变。

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