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The Brain

机译：大脑

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摘要

The long battle between humans and infectious microbes has left its marks all over us. It shows up most obviously in the way our bodies are constructed. The thousands of species of bacteria that swarm over us cannot penetrate our multilayered skin. Entry points, such as the eyes and nose, are bathed in moisture to help flush out pathogens. The lining of our lungs releases bacteria-killing compounds. Viruses that manage to infect cells are greeted by proteins that attempt to shred them into genetic confetti. Any pathogen that sneaks past all these defenses then faces an army of immune cells, which can devour and destroy the invaders. Immune cells can also manufacture antibodies, which allow them to launch swift attacks if they encounter the same infection elsewhere in the body.
机译：人类与传染性微生物之间的长期斗争已在我们各处留下了印记。它最明显地表现在我们的身体构造方式上。笼罩着我们的数千种细菌无法穿透我们的多层皮肤。入口点，例如眼睛和鼻子，要浸湿水分以帮助清除病原体。我们肺部的衬里释放出杀死细菌的化合物。设法感染细胞的病毒会受到试图将其切碎成遗传五彩纸屑的蛋白质的欢迎。越过所有这些防御措施的任何病原体都将面对大量的免疫细胞，这些免疫细胞会吞噬并摧毁入侵者。免疫细胞还可以产生抗体，如果它们在身体其他地方遇到相同的感染，则可以发起快速攻击。

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