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On the relative contribution of wind and mass observations in numerical weather forecasting

机译：风和质量观测在数值天气预报中的相对贡献

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摘要

The impacts of wind and mass observations on analyses and forecasts are studied. Idealized perfect and complete observations are examined. A realistic three-dimensional data assimilation technique is considered. Spatial structures of analysis errors resulting from assimilation of wind or mass observations are theoretically investigated. Forecast impacts are assessed using the geostrophic adjustment theory and spatial probabilistic error models. Numerical predictability experiments are conducted to verify the theoretic conclusions. The main result is that, on average, wind observation are more important than mass observations, especially in the tropics and in the upper troposphere and stratosphere. In the mid and high latitude lower troposphere, the wind and mass observational data appear to be of comparable utility.
机译：研究了风和质量观测对分析和预报的影响。检查理想化的完美和完整的观察结果。考虑了现实的三维数据同化技术。理论上研究了由于风或质量观测值的同化而导致的分析误差的空间结构。使用地转调整理论和空间概率误差模型评估了预测影响。进行了数值可预测性实验以验证理论结论。主要结果是，平均而言，风观测比质量观测更重要，尤其是在热带以及对流层和平流层上方。在中高纬度对流层中，风和质量观测数据似乎具有可比性。

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