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Seismic response of a cross interchange metro station in soft soil: Physical and numerical modeling

机译：软土中交叉交流地铁站的地震响应：物理造型

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The expansion of the Shanghai metro grid leads to a growing demand for underground stations. This paper studies the seismic performance of a typical cross interchange station in soft soil, combining shaking table testing and numerical modeling. The cross interchange station is composed of a three-storey section, rigidly connected to a perpendicular two-storey section, leading to an abrupt change of stiffness in the conjunction area. A series of 1 g shaking table tests are conducted, using synthetic model soil (a mixture of sand and sawdust) and granular concrete with galvanized steel wires to model the soil-structure system. The experimental results are then used as a benchmark, allowing for validation of a 3D finite element (FE) model. The validated FE model is shown to compare adequately well with the shaking table tests and is subsequently used to indirectly extrapolate the results to prototype scale. The combined experimental and numerical study allows deriving insights on the dynamic response of cross interchange stations. A key conclusion is that the abrupt change of stiffness at the conjunction area leads to concentration of racking deformation at the bottom storey. This leads to significant stress concentrations on the station sidewall in the same area, revealing the increased seismic vulnerability due to the induced stiffness discontinuity. Seismic damage can be avoided by increasing the reinforcement ratio in such critical locations or by introducing deformable joints.
机译：上海地铁网格的扩展导致对地铁站不断增长的需求。本文研究了软土中典型交叉交流站的地震性能，结合了摇台测试和数值模拟。交叉互换站由三层部分组成，刚性地连接到垂直的两层部分，导致结合区域中刚度的突然变化。使用合成模型土（砂和锯末混合物）和具有​​镀锌钢丝的颗粒混凝土来模拟土结构系统，进行一系列1 G振动台测试。然后将实验结果用作基准，允许验证3D有限元（FE）模型。验证的Fe模型显示在振动台测试中充分比较，随后用于间接将结果推断到原型尺度。合并的实验和数值研究允许导出对交叉交换站的动态响应的见解。一个关键的结论是，结合区域刚度的突然变化导致底层处的架子变形的浓度。这导致在同一区域的侧壁上的显着应力集中，揭示了由于诱导的刚度不连续导致的地震脆弱性增加。通过增加这种关键位置中的增强比或通过引入可变形接头，可以避免地震损坏。

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