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Influence of a layered liquefiable soil on seismic site response using physical modeling and numerical simulation

机译：分层液化土对使用物理建模和数值模拟地震部位响应的影响

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In this research, the seismic behavior of liquefiable sub-layers and their effect on seismic ground response have been evaluated. The initial patterns of seismic response along the height of a layered liquefiable soil are extracted using a series of shaking table testing. The sub-layers of the shaking table models were built with different densities and the models were subjected to specific record motions of varying intensity. Afterwards, in order to use compatible constitutive model in numerical analysis, a series of effective stress numerical models have been employed while the results were verified adequately with the results of the shaking table test. Dafalias-Manzari model was utilized in the current study as a suitable constitutive model. The effect of depth and height of liquefiable sub-layers is discussed from different perspectives as it relates to attenuation or amplification of the seismic ground surface response. Consequently, experimental and numerical studies of this research have shown that contrary to the usual view, the thicker and shallower liquefiable sub-layers can effectively reduce the intensity of seismic waves and earthquake-induced forces. However, the thinner liquefiable sublayers at greater depths could increase seismic intensity and reduce settlement.
机译：在本研究中，已经评估了液化子层的地震行为及其对地震地基反应的影响。利用一系列振动台测试提取沿着分层液化土的高度的初始抗震响应模式。振动台模型的子层采用不同的密度构建，并且模型经受不同强度的特定记录运动。之后，为了在数值分析中使用兼容的本构模型，已经采用了一系列有效的应力数值模型，同时通过振动台测试的结果充分验证了结果。 Dafalias-Manzari模型用于当前研究作为合适的本构模型。从不同的观点讨论了液化子层的深度和高度的影响，因为它涉及衰减或放大地震地面应答的扩增。因此，本研究的实验性和数值研究表明，与通常的视野相反，较厚和较浅的液化子层可以有效地降低地震波和地震诱导的力的强度。然而，更深入的液化子层可以增加地震强度并减少沉降。

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