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Bioengineering the biosphere?

机译：生物工程生物圈？

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摘要

Our planet is experiencing an accelerated process of change associated to a variety of anthropogenic phenomena. The future of this transformation is uncertain, but there is general agreement about its negative unfolding that might threaten our own survival. Furthermore, the pace of the expected changes is likely to be abrupt: catastrophic shifts might be the most likely outcome of this ongoing, apparently slow process. Although different strategies for geo-engineering the planet have been advanced, none seem likely to safely revert the large-scale problems associated to carbon dioxide accumulation or ecosystem degradation. An alternative possibility considered here is inspired in the rapidly growing potential for engineering living systems. It would involve designing synthetic organisms capable of reproducing and expanding to large geographic scales with the goal of achieving a long-term or a transient restoration of ecosystem-level homeostasis. Such a regional or even planetary-scale engineering would have to deal with the complexity of our biosphere. It will require not only a proper design of organisms but also understanding their place within ecological networks and their evolvability. This is a likely future scenario that will require integration of ideas coming from currently weakly connected domains, including synthetic biology, ecological and genome engineering, evolutionary theory, climate science, biogeography and invasion ecology, among others. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：我们的星球正在经历与各种人为现象相关的加速变化过程。变革的未来不确定，但人们普遍认为它的消极影响可能威胁我们的生存。此外，预期变化的步伐可能会突然发生：灾难性变化可能是这一正在进行的，显然是缓慢的过程的最有可能的结果。尽管已经提出了对地球进行地球工程处理的不同策略，但似乎没有一种方法可以安全地恢复与二氧化碳积累或生态系统退化有关的大规模问题。这里考虑的另一种可能性是工程生活系统的快速增长潜力。这将涉及设计能够繁殖并扩展到较大地理范围的合成生物，以期实现生态系统级稳态的长期或短暂恢复。这样的区域乃至星球规模的工程将不得不应对我们生物圈的复杂性。这不仅需要对生物进行适当的设计，还需要了解它们在生态网络中的位置及其可进化性。这是一个可能的未来情况，将需要整合来自目前联系薄弱的领域的思想，包括合成生物学，生态和基因组工程，进化论，气候科学，生物地理学和入侵生态学等。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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