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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological indicators >Benthic diatoms and phytoplankton to assess nutrients in a large lake: Complementarity of their use in Lake Geneva (France-Switzerland)
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Benthic diatoms and phytoplankton to assess nutrients in a large lake: Complementarity of their use in Lake Geneva (France-Switzerland)

机译：底栖硅藻和浮游植物以评估一个大湖中的养分：它们在日内瓦湖（法国-瑞士）中的使用的互补性

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摘要

Lakes can be monitored using different bioindicators, among which phytoplankton and benthic diatoms. We compared these two indicators in Lake Geneva for nutrient assessment. Bimonthly samplings were carried out during one year in the euphotic layer of a pelagic site. In the same time four littoral sites were sampled at 40-50 cm depth. Species compositions and abundances of both bioindicators were analyzed following European standards. Water physico-chemical composition was analyzed at the same time. Seasonal succession of benthic diatom guilds was observed. The dynamics of benthic diatom communities were better correlated to the pelagic chemistry than to the local littoral chemistry. We also observed that in the sampling sites frequently exposed to winds and waves, benthic diatoms showed lower correlations to physico-chemical dynamics, because of an increase of pioneer diatoms abundance adapted to turbulent environment, such sites must be avoided for lake monitoring. Finally, biotic indices calculated with benthic diatoms in wind protected sites showed higher correlations with pelagic nutrient concentration (PO43-) than indices calculated with phytoplankton. This unexpected situation can be explained by differences of temporal variability of chemical and biological compartments. Littoral chemistry changed faster than pelagic chemistry because of rains, diffuse flow from watershed and rivers flowing in the littoral zone whereas pelagic chemistry has a much smoother evolution because it is situated 10 km from the coast. But phytoplankton showed a high temporal variability because of wind influence, which explained the low correlation with the smooth evolution of pelagic chemistry. On the other hand, benthic diatoms from sites protected from the dominant wind, showed a lower temporal variability and were more in synchrony with the smooth evolution of pelagic chemistry.
机译：可以使用不同的生物指标监测湖泊，其中包括浮游植物和底栖硅藻。我们在日内瓦湖中比较了这两个指标进行营养评估。一年中在浮游点的富营养层进行了每两个月一次的采样。同时，在40-50 cm的深度取样了四个沿海地点。根据欧洲标准分析了两种生物指示剂的物种组成和丰度。同时分析了水的理化组成。观察到底栖硅藻行会的季节性演替。底栖硅藻群落的动力学与远洋化学的相关性比与当地沿海化学的相关性更好。我们还观察到，在经常暴露于风浪中的采样点中，底栖硅藻与理化动力学的相关性较低，因为适应湍流环境的先锋硅藻丰度增加了，因此必须避免对湖泊进行监测。最后，在防风场所用底栖硅藻计算出的生物指数与浮游植物计算出的指数与上层营养物浓度（PO43-）的相关性更高。这种意外情况可以通过化学和生物区室的时间变异性差异来解释。沿海地区的化学变化比沿海地区的化学变化快，这是因为降雨，流域的分散流和沿岸带流动的河流，而沿海地区的化学变化则更加平滑，因为它距海岸10公里。但是浮游植物由于风的影响而表现出较高的时间变化性，这解释了与上层化学的平稳发展之间的低相关性。另一方面，来自受主风保护的地点的底栖硅藻显示出较低的时间变异性，并且与远洋化学的平稳发展更加同步。

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