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Spatial differentiation of ecological security and differentiated management of ecological conservation in the Pearl River Delta, China

机译：珠江三角洲生态安全空间分异与生态保护分异管理

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摘要

The ecological security (ES) pattern in China is gaining considerable attention worldwide due to intensifying urban development and human activities that threaten ecosystem structures and ecological processes. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) has experienced intense economic development for nearly 40 years; however, the ES pattern in the PRD is poorly understood. In this paper, we used a multisource data approach to assess ES, performed downscaling to a 1 x 1 km(2) grid size, and applied spatial statistics to analyze the ES pattern in the PRD. We found three natural "ecological buffers," namely, nature reserves and forest patches covering several municipalities in the delta, thus guaranteeing the socio-economic development of this highly urbanized area. The spatial autocorrelation results indicated that the ES pattern is significantly spatially correlative (p = 0.001), with a Moran's I of 0.7766. We identified several hot and cold spots for the ES spatial distribution that occupied 58.49% of the PRD's total area. Moreover, a semivariance analysis showed that structural factors are dominant in the ES spatial distribution. Based on the ES area proportions, the 9 municipalities of the PRD can be grouped into three categories: optimized development zones, comprehensive development zones, and ecological conservation development areas. Zhaoqing, Huizhou and Jiangmen are key areas for improving ES conservation in the PRD. In this study, we explore an ES assessment model coupled with a spatial heterogeneity analysis to provide insights into ecological conservation efforts in urban agglomerations.
机译：由于城市发展和人类活动的加剧，威胁着生态系统的结构和生态过程，中国的生态安全（ES）模式正在全球范围内引起广泛关注。珠江三角洲（PRD）经历了近40年的快速发展。但是，珠三角的ES模式知之甚少。在本文中，我们使用了一种多源数据方法来评估ES，将尺寸缩减至1 x 1 km（2）的网格大小，并应用空间统计数据来分析PRD中的ES模式。我们发现了三个自然的“生态缓冲区”，即自然保护区和覆盖三角洲多个城市的森林斑块，从而保证了这个高度城市化地区的社会经济发展。空间自相关结果表明，ES模式在空间上具有显着相关性（p = 0.001），Moran's I为0.7766。我们确定了ES空间分布的几个热点和热点，它们占据了珠三角总面积的58.49％。此外，半方差分析表明结构因素在ES空间分布中占主导地位。根据ES区域的比例，珠三角的9个城市可以分为三类：优化开发区，综合开发区和生态保护开发区。肇庆，惠州和江门是珠三角地区改善ES养护的重点领域。在这项研究中，我们探索了一种ES评估模型以及空间异质性分析，以提供对城市群生态保护工作的见解。

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