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Complexity, dynamics and diversity of sociality in group-living mammals

机译:群居哺乳动物的社会复杂性,动态和多样性

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Numerous studies in group-living animals with stable compositions have demonstrated the complex and dynamic nature of social behaviour. Empirical studies occasionally provide principles that cannot be applied directly to other group-living species. Because of this, researchers are required to address fine-scaled conceptual questions and to incorporate species-specific characteristics of the study species. In this paper, I raise three key topics that will promote our understanding of animal sociality: the effects of heterogeneous social relationships on the pattern, distribution, and function of social interactions; conflict management for maintaining group living; and meta-dyad-level perspectives for understanding dyadic social relationships and behaviours. Through the discussion of these topics together with examples of group-living mammals, I emphasise the importance of direct behavioural observations and functional analyses in studies of species- or taxonomic-group-specific characteristics of social behaviour in a wide range of taxo-nomic groups. In addition to approaches focusing on specificity, another approach that examines the general principles or common characteristics found across different taxonomic groups could provide synthetic and reductive frameworks to understand divergent sociality. The complementary use of these two approaches will offer a comprehensive understanding of social evolution in group-living animals.
机译:对具有稳定成分的成群生活的动物的大量研究表明,社会行为具有复杂而动态的性质。实证研究偶尔会提供一些原理,这些原理不能直接应用于其他集体生活物种。因此,要求研究人员解决细微的概念性问题,并纳入研究物种的特定物种特征。在本文中,我提出了三个关键主题,这些主题将增进我们对动物社会性的理解:异类社会关系对社会互动的模式,分布和功能的影响;为维持团体生活而进行的冲突管理;以及用于了解二元社会关系和行为的元二元论视角。通过对这些主题的讨论以及以群体为生的哺乳动物的例子,我强调了直接行为观察和功能分析在研究各种分类学群体的社会行为的物种或分类学组特定特征方面的重要性。 。除了关注特定性的方法之外,另一种检查跨不同分类组发现的一般原则或共同特征的方法可以提供综合和简化的框架,以理解不同的社会性。这两种方法的互补使用将提供对集体生活动物中社会进化的全面理解。

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