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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >Does individual variation in fruit profitability override color differences in avian choice of red or white Ilex serrata fruits?
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Does individual variation in fruit profitability override color differences in avian choice of red or white Ilex serrata fruits?

机译：水果获利能力的个体差异是否会覆盖禽类选择红色或白色Ilex serrata水果的颜色差异？

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摘要

Although avian color preferences have been studied and documented in controlled experiments, they have not been demonstrated under natural conditions in most cases. We hypothesized that avian fruit choice reflects intraspecific variation in fruit characteristics other than color, rather than fruit color differences. By planting one Ilex serrata Thunb. (red form) and one /. serrata forma leucocarpa Beissner (white form), which produce red and white fruits, respectively, at each of five points, we examined the proportion of fruits removed per tree and fruit choice by three avian species based on fruit color and other fruit characteristics. The proportion of fruits removed increased with pulpy sugar concentration and fruit diameter, but it did not differ between fruit colors. The main foragers, resident brown-eared bulbuls Hypsypetes amaurotis, consumed fruits regardless of color, but correspondingly to fruit removal, and appeared to base their fruit choice on pulpy sugar concen-tration and fruit diameter rather than on color. In contrast, the minor foragers, migrant Daurian redstarts Phoenicurus auroreus (Pallas) and Siberian bluechats Tarsiger cyanurus (Pallas), tended to choose red fruits and were possibly attracted by them. In conclusion, fruit removal per tree reflected individual variation in fruit profitability more strongly than differences in fruit color, even though the individual variation was not remarkable. The importance of color in fruit choice differed based on species, residency status, and major/minor foragers.
机译：尽管已在受控实验中研究并记录了鸟类的颜色偏爱，但大多数情况下还没有在自然条件下证明它们的存在。我们假设禽类水果的选择反映了水果特性的种内变异，而不是颜色，而不是水果颜色差异。通过种植一棵冬青属的锯齿状图恩。 （红色形式）和一个/。在五个点的每一个上分别产生红色和白色果实的锯齿状白果贝氏虫（白色形式），我们根据果实的颜色和其他果实特征，检查了每种树的果实去除率和三种鸟类选择的果实。去除的水果比例随果肉糖浓度和果实直径的增加而增加，但是在水果颜色之间没有差异。主要的觅食者是常住的棕耳延髓Hypsypetes amaurotis，无论颜色如何，都食用水果，但相应地去除了水果，并且他们的水果选择基于糖浆浓度和水果直径而不是颜色。相比之下，未成年的觅食者，迁徙的达乌里人重新启动了北极熊（Phoenicurus auroreus（Pallas）和西伯利亚bluechats Tarsiger cyanurus（Pallas）），他们倾向于选择红色水果，并可能被它们吸引。总之，每棵树的摘除量反映出果实获利能力的个体差异比果实颜色差异更强烈，即使个体差异并不明显。颜色在水果选择中的重要性因种类，居住状况和主要/次要觅食者而异。

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