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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >Mass mortality of Japanese macaques in a western coastal forest of Yakushima
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Mass mortality of Japanese macaques in a western coastal forest of Yakushima

机译：屋久岛西部沿海森林中日本猕猴的大量死亡

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摘要

The mass mortality of wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata Blyth) was observed in a warm temperate forest of Yakushima, southern Japan. Demographic changes of eight troops between August 1998 and August 1999 were studied and 56% of macaques disappeared from the five intensively studied troops. Mortality varied among troops: two troops became extinct, while another troop did not decrease in size. The rate of mortality of the other troops was between 33 and 80%. The variation in mortality among the troops was either the outcome of local concentrations of mortality or of intertroop competition. The rate of mortality decreased with increasing distance from the two extinct troops and with increasing troop size; these two factors could not be separated statistically. The direct cause of death was diagnosed as pneumonia for four out of five fresh carcasses. The fleshy fruit production in autumn 1998 was the lowest in 14 years, and macaques had relied on leaves earlier than in usual years. It was exceptionally hot and dry in the summer of 1998. The exceptionally poor fruit production and hot summer of this year, with the resulting shortage of high-quality foods, was consistent with the scenario that mass mortality was due to the poor nutritional conditions. However, the possibility that epidemics caused the mass mortality cannot be ruled out. Our findings proved that primates in a seemingly stable habitat experience fluctuations in demographic parameters under natural conditions.
机译：在日本南部的屋久岛温带温带森林中，观察到了野生猕猴（Macaca fuscata Blyth）的大量死亡。研究了1998年8月至1999年8月期间八名部队的人口变化，并且从五名经过深入研究的部队中消失了56％的猕猴。各部队的死亡率各不相同：两名部队灭绝，而另一支部队的规模并未减少。其他部队的死亡率在33％至80％之间。部队中死亡率的变化是局部死亡率集中或部队参加竞争的结果。死亡率随着与两个灭绝部队的距离增加以及部队人数的增加而降低；这两个因素无法进行统计分离。死亡的直接原因是五分之四的新鲜尸体被诊断为肺炎。 1998年秋季的果肉产量是14年来最低，猕猴比往年更早地依靠叶子。 1998年夏季异常干燥炎热。水果异常异常匮乏和今年夏季异常炎热，导致高质量食品短缺，这与营养不良导致大量死亡的情况相吻合。但是，不能排除流行病导致大规模死亡的可能性。我们的发现证明，在看似稳定的栖息地中的灵长类动物在自然条件下会经历人口参数的波动。

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