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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological research >Benefit of migration in a female sika deer population in eastern Hokkaido, Japan
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Benefit of migration in a female sika deer population in eastern Hokkaido, Japan

机译：日本北海道东部雌性梅花鹿种群迁徙的好处

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摘要

The major factors affecting migration in large herbivores have been shown to be access to food resources and the risk of predation. Three migratory types of deer (resident, north migrant and east migrant) occur within a wintering female sika deer (Cervus nippon) population in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. We tested the hypothesis that north and east migrants feed on a higher quality diet than residents during summer, based on analyses of fecal nitrogen content. Fresh fecal pellets were collected in 18 summer ranges in the wintering area, northern area and eastern area between 1-5 August 2000. Fecal nitrogen content for all sampling sites was positively correlated with elevation, but was not correlated with distance from the wintering area. North migrants that inhabited higher (above 300 m elevation) summer ranges fed on a higher quality diet than residents. In contrast, the dietary quality of east migrants that migrated over a long distance and inhabited lower (below 300 m elevation) summer ranges was similar to that of residents. We conclude that east migrants may have gained significant benefit from the use of agricultural pastures with low population density conditions and without hunting; however, the recent population control program has reduced this benefit by avoiding the use of pasturelands.
机译：事实证明，影响大型草食动物迁徙的主要因素是获得粮食资源和被捕食的风险。在北海道东部的越冬雌性梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）种群中，出现了三种迁徙类型的鹿（居民，北移民和东移民）。基于粪便氮含量的分析，我们检验了夏季北部和东部移民的饮食质量高于居民的假设。在2000年8月1-5日之间的越冬地区，北部地区和东部地区的18个夏季范围内，收集到了新鲜的粪便颗粒。所有采样点的粪便氮含量与海拔高度呈正相关，但与到越冬区域的距离无关。居住在夏季较高海拔（300 m以上）的北方移民以高于居民的饮食为食。相反，在远距离迁移并居住在较低（海拔300 m以下）夏季范围的东部移民的饮食质量与居民相似。我们得出的结论是，东部移民可能因人口密度低，没有狩猎的农业牧场的使用而受益匪浅；但是，最近的人口控制计划通过避免使用牧场来减少了这种收益。

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