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Comparing deep neural network and econometric approaches to predicting the impact of climate change on agricultural yield

机译:比较深度神经网络和经济学方法预测气候变化对农业产量的影响

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Predicting the impact of climate change on crop yield is difficult, in part because the production function mapping weather to yield is high dimensional and nonlinear. We compare three approaches to predicting yields: (a) deep neural networks (DNNs). (b) traditional panel-data models, and (c) a new panel-data model that allows for unit and time fixed effects in both intercepts and slopes in the agricultural production function-made feasible by a new estimator called Mean Observation OLS (MO-OLS). Using U.S. county-level corn-yield data from 1950 to 2015, we show that both DNNs and MO-OLS models outperform traditional panel-data models for predicting yield, both in-sample and in a Monte Carlo cross-validation exercise. However, the MO-OLS model substantially outperforms both DNNs and traditional panel-data models in forecasting yield in a 2006-2015 holdout sample. We compare the predictions of all these models for climate change impacts on yields from 2016 to 2100.
机译:预测气候变化对作物产量的影响是困难的,部分原因是生产函数测绘天气是高尺寸和非线性的。我们比较三种方法来预测产量:(a)深神经网络(DNN)。 (b)传统的面板数据模型,(c)新的面板数据模型,允许在农业生产功能中的截距和斜坡中的单位和时间固定效应通过称为平均观察OLS的新估算器(MO -ols)。我们县级玉米产量数据从1950年到2015年,我们表明DNN和Mo-OLS模型都优于传统的面板数据模型,以预测样品中的产量和蒙特卡罗交叉验证运动。然而,Mo-OLS模型在2006-2015持续样本中的预测产量中显着优于DNN和传统的面板数据模型。我们将所有这些模型的预测与2016年到2100的产量产生影响的所有这些模型的预测。

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