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The Economic and Environmental Consequences of Automobile Lifetime Extension and Fuel Economy Improvement: Japan's Case *

机译:汽车寿命延长和燃油经济性改善的经济和环境后果:日本的案例*

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摘要

The presenft paper develops a structural decomposition analysis with cumulative product lifetime distributions to estimate the effects of both product lifetime shifts and energy efficiency changes on the embodied energy consumptions. The empirical analysis focuses on automobile use (ordinary passenger vehicles, small passenger vehicles, and light passenger vehicles) in Japan during the period 1990-2000. It reveals that the lifetime extension of existing old vehicles during the study period was more beneficial to the environment than purchasing new passenger vehicles with a relatively high fuel economy, because the lifetime extension empirically contributed to reducing the embodied energy consumption at the production and end-use stages. We also found that the energy-saving impact of a one-year lifetime extension was approximately 1.3 times larger than that of the most significant technological improvement in the electric power generation sector.
机译:Presenft论文开发了具有累积产品寿命分布的结构分解分析,以估算产品寿命变化和能效变化对实际能耗的影响。实证分析的重点是1990-2000年期间日本的汽车使用情况(普通乘用车,小型乘用车和轻型乘用车)。它表明,在研究期内,现有旧车的使用寿命延长比购买燃油经济性较高的新乘用车对环境更有利,因为使用寿命的延长从经验上有助于降低生产和最终使用时的能耗。使用阶段。我们还发现,使用寿命延长一年的节能影响比发电行业最重大的技术进步要大1.3倍。

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