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What do economists analyze and why: values or facts?

机译：经济学家分析什么？为什么？价值或事实？

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摘要

Social thinkers frequently remind us that people differ in their views on what constitutes personal well-being, but that even when they don't differ, they disagree over the extent to which one person's well-being can be permitted to be traded off against another's. In this paper I show, by offering an account of the development of development economics, that in professional debates on social policy, economists speak or write as though they agree on values but differ on their reading of facts. A number of ethicists have concluded from this near-exclusive interest in facts that modern economics must be an ethical desert. It is shown here that the reason research economists analyze facts rather than values is that modern economics is built on broad ethical foundations, capable of being reduced as special cases to the various ethical theories that are currently on offer. Ethics has taken a back seat in modern economics not because contemporary economists are wedded to a "value-free" enterprise, but because the ethical foundations of the subject were constructed over five decades ago and are now regarded to be a settled matter.
机译：社会思想家经常提醒我们，人们对构成个人福祉的看法有所不同，但是即使他们没有不同，他们在允许一个人的福祉与他人的福祉之间进行权衡的程度上也存在分歧。 。在本文中，我通过对发展经济学的发展进行了说明，表明在关于社会政策的专业辩论中，经济学家的言语或写作似乎在价值观上是一致的，但事实却有所不同。许多伦理学家从这种几乎排他的兴趣得出的结论是，现代经济学必须是一个道德荒漠。在此表明，研究经济学家分析事实而不是分析价值的原因是现代经济学建立在广泛的道德基础之上，能够作为特殊情况被简化为当前提供的各种道德理论。伦理学在现代经济学中占了上风，不是因为当代经济学家屈服于“无价值”的企业，而是因为该学科的伦理学基础已经建立了五十多年，现在被认为已经解决。

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  • 来源
    《Economics & philosophy》 |2005年第2期|p.221-278|共58页
  • 作者

    Partha Dascupta;

  • 作者单位

    University of Cambridge;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 f;
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