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As you rightly surmise ("Islam and democracy", August 26th), there appear to be varied and shifting positions among Islamists and Muslims on the question of democracy as well as broader Western principles. During the Golden Age, Islamic scholars were open to knowledge and wisdom from other cultures, and the libraries of the Muslim world were replete with ancient works of the Greek philosophers, which were studied and debated in the Muslim world. The Golden Age expired because, beginning with Al Gazali, successive scholars of Islam argued that the Koran was the only source of wisdom. For most of the past 700 years and in the Muslim world today, there is only Islamicjurisprudence, derived solely from the Koran, the Hadith and interpretations of Islamic jurisprudence which are the domain of four schools of Islam. Reason has no place.

机译：当您正确地猜测时（“伊斯兰与民主”，8月26日），在民主和更广泛的西方原则上，伊斯兰主义者和穆斯林之间的立场似乎有所不同和变化。在黄金时代，伊斯兰学者对其他文化的知识和智慧持开放态度，而穆斯林世界的图书馆里充斥着希腊哲学家的古老著作，这些著作在穆斯林世界中进行了研究和辩论。黄金时代已经结束，因为从Al Gazali开始，历届伊斯兰学者都认为古兰经是唯一的智慧来源。在过去700年的大部分时间里，在当今的穆斯林世界中，只有伊斯兰法学，而伊斯兰法学仅源于可兰经，圣训和对伊斯兰法学的解释，而伊斯兰法学是伊斯兰教的四大流派的范畴。原因无处可寻。

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《The economist》 |2017年第9057期|12-12|共1页
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1. Letter-Sound Knowledge: Exploring Gender Differences in Children When They Start School Regarding Knowledge of Large Letters, Small Letters, Sound Large Letters, and Sound Small Letters [J] . Hermundur Sigmundsson, Adrian D. Eriksen, Greta Storm Oftel, Frontiers in Psychology . 2017,第4期

机译：字母有声的知识：在孩子上学时探索他们关于大字母，小字母，大声字母和小声字母的性别差异
2. Presence and viability of Ceratocystis lukuohia in ambrosia beetle frass from Rapid Modified Letter Turned CommaOhiModified Letter Turned Commaa Death-affected Metrosideros polymorpha trees on HawaiModified Letter Turned Commai Island [J] . Roy Kylle, Ewing Curtis P., Hughes Marc A., Forest Pathology . 2019,第1期

机译：Ceratocystis Lukuohia在ambrosia甲壳虫的存在和活力来自快速修改的字母转动的逗号致敬的字母转动逗号死亡影响的MetroSideros多晶型树木在叫乎魔鬼队
3. Invited Response Letter to the Letter "Our Experience Regarding the Association between Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor and Bariatric Surgery. A Response to a Letter "Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Be Awake Before, During, and After a Bariatric Procedure" [J] . Bilecik Tuna, Karateke Faruk Obesity surgery . 2019,第2期

机译：邀请回复信函“我们对胃肠道肿瘤和畜牧手术之间关联的经验。对腹腔镜套管胃切除术后的一封信”胃肠道基质肿瘤的反应：在肥胖程序之前，期间和之后醒着“
4. Tests of CPT Symmetry in B~0-{-under letter B}~0 Mixing and in B~O → c{-under letter c}K~0 Decays [C] . K.R. Schubert Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry . 2017

机译：在B〜0 - { - '字母B}〜0混合中的CPT对称性的测试和B〜O→C {-Under字母C} K〜0衰变
5. Women writing letters/writing letters as women: Eighteenth-century representations of female epistolarity [D] . Magermans, Andrea L. 2009

机译：妇女写信/作为妇女写信：18世纪女性表象性的表现
6. Letter-Sound Knowledge: Exploring Gender Differences in Children When They Start School Regarding Knowledge of Large Letters Small Letters Sound Large Letters and Sound Small Letters [O] . Hermundur Sigmundsson, Adrian D. Eriksen, Greta Storm Ofteland, -1

机译：字母有声的知识：在孩子上学时探索他们关于大字母小字母大声字母和小声字母的性别差异
7. Synthesis, Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic and Anticancer Activities of Metal Complexes of 2,2-Dimethylpentanedioic Acid(2dmepdaH 2 ) and 3,3-Dimethylpentanedioic acid(3dmepdaH 2 ): X-Ray Crystal Structures of [Cu(3dmepda)(bipy)] 2 ⋅ 6H 2 O and [Cu(2dmepda)(bipy)(EtOH)] 2 ⋅4EtOH( bipy=2, 2 ′ Bipyridine) [O] . 2006

机译：2,2-二甲基戊二酸（2 dmepda H 2 ）和3,3-二甲基戊二酸（3 < small.letters> dmepda H 2 ）：[C u （3 dmepda ）（ bipy ）] 2 ⋅ 6H 2 O 和[C < small.letters> u （2 dmepda ）（ bipy ）（E t OH）] 2 ⋅ 4 EtOH （ bipy = 2 ， 2 ' 联吡啶）
8. Initial Submission: Letter from Dupont Chem to USEPA Regarding a Letter about Acute Oral and Dermal Toxicity of Allyl Alcohol Vapors with Cover Letter Dated 10/15/1992 [R] . 1992

机译：初次提交：杜邦化学公司向美国环保局发出的关于烯丙醇蒸气急性口服和皮肤毒性的信函，封面信函日期为10/15/1 1992

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