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Bello: Despotism and default in Venezuela

机译:贝洛:委内瑞拉的专制主义和违约

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BACK in July, Nicolas Madura's big problem was an opposition-backed rebellion against his plan to replace Venezuela's elected parliament with a hand-picked constituent assembly. More than 120 people died in mass protests and the armed forces briefly seemed to waver in their support for the government. Now Venezuela's dictator-president has his new assembly in place and the opposition where he wants it-divided and debilitated. But he has another problem: he is running out of cash. After years of mismanagement, Venezuela's all-important oil industry is listing like a shipwrecked tanker. According to data provided by the government to opec, oil production in October averaged 1.96m barrels per day (b/d), down 130,000 b/d from September (and 361,000 b/d from October 2016). Subtract oil supplied for almost nothing to Venezuelans and to Cuba, and shipments to repay loans from China and Russia, and only around 750,000 b/d are sold for cash, according to Francisco Monaldi, a Venezuelan energy economist at Rice University in Texas. And although the oil price is up from its low of 2015, it is still a little more than half its level of 2012.
机译:早在7月份,尼古拉斯·马杜拉(Nicolas Madura)面临的最大问题就是反对派支持的反对,反对他计划以精心挑选的选民大会取代委内瑞拉民选议会。超过120人在大规模抗议活动中丧生,武装部队似乎短暂地动摇了对政府的支持。现在,委内瑞拉的独裁总统已经建立了他的新议会,而反对派则在他希望分裂的议会中分裂。但是他还有另一个问题:他的现金用光了。经过多年的管理不善,委内瑞拉最重要的石油工业像遇难的油轮一样上市。根据政府提供给欧佩克的数据,10月份的石油平均产量为每天196万桶(桶/天),较9月减少了13万桶/天(较2016年10月减少了36.1万桶/天)。得克萨斯州莱斯大学的委内瑞拉能源经济学家弗朗西斯科·莫纳尔迪说,减去几乎没有为委内瑞拉人和古巴提供的石油,以及为偿还中国和俄罗斯的贷款而装运的石油,大约只有75万桶/天的现金被出售。尽管石油价格从2015年的低位回升,但仍略高于2012年水平的一半。

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    《The economist》 |2017年第9069期|37-37|共1页
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