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Looks could kill

机译：看起来可能会杀死

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People decide quickly how trustworthy a stranger is, based on what his face looks like. And experiments show that, regarding any particular individual, they generally come to the same conclusion. There really are, it seems, trustworthy and untrustworthy faces-though, surprisingly, there is little consensus among researchers as to whether someone whose face is deemed devious really is more likely to betray a trust. The perceivedly untrustworthy do, however, suffer for their phizogs. And a study published in this month's Psychological Science suggests that in extreme cases-in America at least-this suffering may be fatal. John Wilson and Nicholas Rule, psychologists at the University of Toronto, looked at convicted murderers in the American state of Florida, which retains the death penalty. They selected 371 prisoners on death row and a further 371 who were serving life sentences. To avoid confounding variables, all those chosen were male and were either black or white (no Asians or other ethnic groups). Each sample included 226 white convicts and 145 black ones. A group of 208 volunteers whom Dr Wilson and Dr Rule had recruited were then invited to rate photographs of each convict's face for trustworthiness, on a scale of one to eight, where one was "not at all trustworthy" and eight was "very trustworthy".
机译：人们可以根据他的脸型迅速确定一个陌生人的可信赖程度。实验表明，对于任何特定个人，他们通常得出相同的结论。看来，确实有值得信赖和不值得信赖的面孔，尽管令人惊讶的是，研究人员对于面孔被认为是狡猾的人是否真的更有可能背叛信任并没有达成共识。然而，被认为不值得信赖的确因其披索而遭受苦难。本月《心理科学》上发表的一项研究表明，在极端情况下（至少在美国），这种痛苦可能是致命的。多伦多大学的心理学家约翰·威尔逊（John Wilson）和尼古拉斯·鲁（Nicholas Rule）研究了美国佛罗里达州的被定罪的凶手，该州保留死刑。他们选择了371名死囚，另外371名正在服无期徒刑。为了避免混淆变量，所有选择的都是男性，都是黑人或白人（没有亚洲人或其他种族）。每个样本包括226名白人罪犯和145名黑人罪犯。然后邀请威尔逊博士和雷德博士招募的208名志愿者组成一组，对每位罪犯的脸部照片进行可信度评估，比例为1到8，其中“完全不可信”和“非常可信”为8位。

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    《The economist》 |2015年第8948期|64-64|共1页
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