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Schumpeter | Norwegian blues

机译:熊彼特|挪威蓝调

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It is a capitalist country but it is dominated by state-owned enterprises; it is an oil giant but it eschews conspicuous consumption. For decades this unusual economic model has served Norway well: in 1970 it was in Europe's middle ranks as measured by income per head. Nowadays, Norwegians are richer than everyone in. Europe except the Luxembourgers. However, the model is beginning to run out of fuel. Norway's rise to glory began when the first oil was extracted from its continental shelf in 1971. The energy industry sent ripples of prosperity throughout the economy, turning Bergen from a fishing village into an industrial hub, creating companies that specialised in extracting hydrocarbons from beneath a stormy sea and filling hotels with oil workers. The ripples got ever bigger as the oil price lurched upwards from $10 a barrel in the late 1990s to almost $150 in 2008. Oil and gas now account for about a quarter of Norway's gdp and almost half of its exports.
机译:它是一个资本主义国家,但以国有企业为主导。它是一个石油巨头,但是却避免了明显的消费。几十年来,这种不寻常的经济模式一直很好地为挪威服务:在1970年,按人均收入衡量,它处于欧洲的中游地位。如今,挪威人比欧洲所有人都富裕,除了卢森堡人。但是,该模型开始用尽燃料。挪威的荣耀始于1971年从其大陆架上开采出第一批石油时开始。能源行业在整个经济中引发了繁荣的涟漪,使卑尔根从一个渔村变成了一个工业枢纽,从而创建了专门从事石油开采的公司。汹涌的大海和充满石油工人的旅馆。随着油价从1990年代末的每桶10美元暴涨至2008年的近150美元,波动越来越大。如今,石油和天然气约占挪威国内生产总值的四分之一,几乎占其出口的一半。

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    《The economist》 |2015年第8959期|69-69|共1页
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