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Effects of Forest Type and Disturbance on Diversity of Coarse Woody Debris in Boreal Forest

机译：森林类型和干扰对北方森林粗木屑多样性的影响

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Coarse woody debris (CWD) volume and diversity are vital attributes of forest ecosystems. However, despite their importance, their long-term dynamics associated with fire- or logging-origin and overstory type have not been examined in boreal forest. We hypothesize that (1) CWD compositional diversity increases with stand development whereas CWD volume follows a U-shaped pattern. Furthermore, we attempted to test if (2) CWD volume and compositional diversity converge for postlogged and postfire stands through stand development, and (3) mixedwoods have more CWD volume and greater compositional diversity than conifer or broadleaf overstory types. We sampled 72 stands ranging in age from 7 to 201 years in fire-origin stands and 7–31 years in managed stands with conifer, mixedwood, and broadleaf overstory types in central boreal Canada. For fire-origin stands, snag volume was 100–260 m3/ha in 7-year-old stands, 5–20 m3/ha in 25-year-old stands, and 25–60 m3/ha in older stands; downed woody debris (DWD) volume decreased from 7 to 72–90 year-old stands, increased in 124- to 139-year-old stands, then either decreased or increased in 201-year-old stands depending on overstory type. CWD diversity increased from 25 to 124–139 year-old and plateaued, but in 7-year-old stands, CWD diversity was as high as that in the 124 and up year-old age classes. Logging resulted in a smaller amount and lower size variability of CWD in 7-year-old stands, with a larger portion being fast-decomposing Betula papyrifera. Most CWD characteristics had not converged by approximately 30 years since disturbance between the two stand origins. More diverse CWD occurred in mixedwoods, but conifer stands contained the greatest CWD volume except in 7 year-old postfire stands.
机译：粗大的木屑（CWD）的数量和多样性是森林生态系统的重要属性。但是，尽管它们具有重要意义，但尚未在北方森林中研究它们与火源或伐木起源以及过高类型有关的长期动态。我们假设（1）CWD的组成多样性随着林分的发展而增加，而CWD的体积遵循U形模式。此外，我们尝试测试（2）通过林分的发展，后采伐和后火林分的CWD量和组成多样性是否会聚，以及（3）混材木比针叶树或阔叶树皮类型具有更大的CWD量和更大的组成多样性。在加拿大中部北方地区，我们对72种林分进行了抽样，这些林分的年龄在7至201岁之间，在针叶林，混合木材和阔叶上等类型的火成林林木中，在7–31年。对于火源林分，在7年生林分中，粗粒产量为100–260 m3 / ha，在25年生林分中的粗粒含量为5–20 m3 / ha，而25–60 m3 / ha在较旧的看台上；倒下的木屑（DWD）量从7到72-90岁的林分减少，从124-139岁的林分增加，然后在201岁的林分中减少或增加，具体取决于楼层类型。 CWD的多样性从25岁增加到124-139岁并达到稳定，但是在7岁的看台上，CWD的多样性与124岁及以上年龄段的一样高。伐木导致7年生林分中CWD的量较小且尺寸变化较小，其中大部分是快速分解的桦木。自从两个林分起源之间的干扰以来，大多数CWD特性尚未收敛约30年。混合木材中发生了更多的CWD，但针叶林中的CWD量最大，除了7年龄的篝火后。

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