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首页> 外文期刊>Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety >Assessing human health risks and strategies for phytoremediation in soils contaminated with As, Cd, Pb, and Zn by slag disposal
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Assessing human health risks and strategies for phytoremediation in soils contaminated with As, Cd, Pb, and Zn by slag disposal

机译：通过排渣评估被砷，镉，铅和锌污染的土壤的人类健康风险和植物修复策略

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Soils impacted by metallurgy activities pose serious risks to the health of exposed populations, whether by ingestion of soil or contaminated food and water. The municipality of Santo Amaro, Bahia state, presents the most important case of human lead contamination in Brazil. It occurred because of inadequate slag disposal. The aims of this research were to: (i) determine the environmentally available concentrations and the distribution of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in soil fractions; (ii) estimate the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of these elements for children; and (iii) to evaluate the use of corn (Zea mays) and castor bean (Ricinus communis) either for phytoextraction induced by chelating agents or phytostabilization. Our data demonstrated that the environmentally available concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in soils surrounding the Pb smelting plant are among the highest that have been reported. Apart from Cd, sequential extraction demonstrated that most metals are in recalcitrant forms in the soil. However, the daily exposure of children to Pb, Zn, Cd, and As exceeded the acceptable daily intake as established by the World Health Organization. Non-carcinogenic risk modeling indicated probable adverse health effects from chronic exposure to soil Pb. The mean estimated time for re mediation of the area using phytoextraction was high, ranging from 76 to 259 years; therefore, this is not a viable alternative for remediating soils in the studied area. However, good development in the contaminated soil along with restriction of the metal(oid) translocation to shoots enables castor bean to phytostabilize metal(oid)s. Additionally, castor bean cultivation may be an alternative for an economic return because of biofuel production.
机译：受冶金活动影响的土壤，无论是摄入土壤还是被污染的食物和水，都会对裸露人群的健康构成严重威胁。巴伊亚州圣阿马罗市是巴西最重要的人铅污染案例。发生的原因是炉渣处理不充分。这项研究的目的是：（i）确定环境中可利用的浓度以及土壤组分中As，Cd，Pb和Zn的分布； （ii）估算这些元素对儿童的非致癌和致癌风险； （iii）评估使用玉米（Zea mays）和蓖麻子（Ricinus communis）进行螯合剂诱导的植物提取或植物稳定作用的使用。我们的数据表明，铅熔炼厂周围土壤中的砷，镉，铅和锌的环境可利用浓度是已报道的最高浓度之一。除镉外，连续萃取表明土壤中大多数金属为难降解形式。但是，儿童每天摄入的Pb，Zn，Cd和As超出了世界卫生组织规定的可接受的每日摄入量。非致癌风险模型表明，长期接触土壤铅可能对健康造成不利影响。使用植物提取修复该区域的平均估计时间较长，范围从76年到259年不等。因此，这不是修复研究区域土壤的可行选择。然而，在受污染的土壤中良好的发育以及金属（类固醇）向芽的迁移的限制使蓖麻子能够对金属（类固醇）进行植物稳定化处理。另外，由于生物燃料的生产，蓖麻子栽培可以作为经济回报的替代方案。

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