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首页> 外文期刊>Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety >Effect of oral exposure to artificially weathered Deepwater Horizon crude oil on blood chemistries, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, organ weights and histopathology in western sandpipers (Calidris mauri)
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Effect of oral exposure to artificially weathered Deepwater Horizon crude oil on blood chemistries, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, organ weights and histopathology in western sandpipers (Calidris mauri)

机译：口腔暴露于人工风化的Deepwater Horizo​​n原油中对西部sand的血液化学，肝抗氧化酶活性，器官重量和组织病理学的影响

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Shorebirds were among birds exposed to Mississippi Canyon 252 (MC252) crude oil during the 2010 Deep Water Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The western sandpiper (Calidris mauri) was chosen as one of four species for initial oral dosing studies conducted under Phase 2 of the avian toxicity studies for the DWH Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA). Thirty western sandpipers were assigned to one of three treatment groups, 10 birds per group. The control group was sham gavaged and the treatment groups were gavaged with 1 or 5 mL oil kg bw(-1) daily for 20 days. Periodic blood samples for hemoglobin measurements were collected during the trial. A final blood sample used to determine hemoglobin concentration in addition to complete blood counts, plasma clinical chemistries, haptoglobin concentration and plasma electrophoresis was collected when birds were euthanized and necropsied on day 21. Tissues were removed, weighed and processed for subsequent histopathological evaluation. There were numerical decreases in hemoglobin concentrations in oil-dosed birds over the 21-day trial, but values were not significantly different compared to controls on day 21. There were no significant differences between controls and oiled birds in complete blood counts, plasma chemistries, haptoglobin concentration, and plasma electrophoresis endpoints. Of the hepatic oxidative stress endpoints assessed, the total antioxidant capacity assessment (Trolox equivalents) for the control group was lower compared to the 1 mL oil kg bw(-1) group. Absolute liver weights in the 5 ml. oil kg bw(-1) group were significantly greater compared to controls. While not conclusive, the numerical decrease in hemoglobin concentration and significant increase in absolute liver weight are consistent with exposure to oil. Histological changes in the adrenal gland could be considered a non-specific indicator of stress resulting from exposure to oil. It is possible that the quantity of oil absorbed was not sufficient to induce clearly evident hemolytic anemia or that the western sandpiper is relatively insensitive to ingested oil.
机译：在2010年墨西哥湾深水地平线（DWH）漏油事件中，水鸟属于暴露于密西西比峡谷252（MC252）原油的鸟类。在DWH自然资源损害评估（NRDA）的禽毒性研究的第2阶段进行的初步口服给药研究中，西部sand（Calidris mauri）被选为四个物种之一。 30只西部western被分配到三个处理组之一，每组10只。对照组进行假胃管灌胃，治疗组每天灌胃1或5 mL油kg bw（-1），持续20天。在试验期间收集用于血红蛋白测量的定期血液样本。在第21天对动物实施安乐死和尸检后，收集了用于确定血红蛋白浓度以及全血细胞计数，血浆临床化学，触珠蛋白浓度和血浆电泳的最终血样。将组织取出，称重并进行处理，以用于随后的组织病理学评估。在21天的试验中，食用油鸟类的血红蛋白浓度在数值上有所降低，但与第21天的对照组相比，数值没有显着差异。在全血细胞计数，血浆化学，触珠蛋白浓度和血浆电泳终点。在评估的肝氧化应激终点中，对照组的总抗氧化能力评估（Trolox当量）低于1 mL油kg bw（-1）组。肝脏绝对重量在5毫升。体重kg bw（-1）组明显高于对照组。虽然不是结论性的，但血红蛋白浓度的数值下降和绝对肝重的显着增加与暴露于油中是一致的。肾上腺的组织学变化可以被认为是暴露于油脂引起的压力的非特异性指标。吸收的油量不足以引起明显的溶血性贫血，或者西方sand对摄入的油相对不敏感。

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