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Quality assurance program and brain drain

机译：质量保证计划和人才流失

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The number of colleges and universities in most developing countries has increased drastically over the past decades. The quality variation of these institutions is an alarming concern. Quality assurance programs are proposed and implemented. This paper evaluates the effects of quality assurance on the demand for college education, study abroad, and the brain drain. It is found that, by reducing the quality uncertainty, the assurance program depresses the incentives for the less able individuals to take a gamble on studying abroad (which, in turn, reduces the demand for college education). The brain drain problem is therefore alleviated. If originally few individuals opt for study abroad, the adverse effect on the demand for college education is small. On the other hand, by improving the average quality, the assurance program promotes the demand for college education. This positive effect will dominate the above negative effect, leading to a net increase in demand. By contrast, if originally there are many individuals choosing to study abroad, the demand for college education will decrease after the quality assurance program is in place. Finally, the effect on social welfare cannot be unambiguously determined. It depends upon the rate of return migration.
机译：在过去的几十年中，大多数发展中国家的大学数量急剧增加。这些机构的质量变化令人担忧。提出并实施了质量保证计划。本文评估了质量保证对大学教育，出国留学和人才流失的影响。结果发现，通过降低质量不确定性，保证计划降低了能力较弱的人去国外赌博的动机（从而减少了对大学教育的需求）。因此，人才流失问题得到缓解。如果最初很少有人选择出国留学，那么对大学教育需求的不利影响很小。另一方面，通过提高平均质量，保证计划促进了对大学教育的需求。这种正面影响将主导上述负面影响，从而导致需求净增加。相反，如果最初有很多人选择出国留学，那么质量保证计划到位后，对大学教育的需求将会减少。最后，对社会福利的影响不能明确确定。这取决于返乡率。

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