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Integration of a hybrid fuel cell-battery system to a distribution grid

机译：将混合燃料电池系统集成到配电网

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In order to integrate a proton exchange membrane type (PEM) fuel cell system (FCS) combined with a battery bank to a distribution grid; this paper proposes a local controller based on fuzzy logic. The proposed system provides primary frequency control and local bus voltage support to the local grid. This opposes the passive distributed generation of the present that do not provide auxiliary services, such as back-up power, voltage support and reliability of supply as they operate under constant power factor equal to 1 at all times. During network disturbances, the distributed generations of the present are disconnected until normal operation is reestablished. When the distributed generation penetration is high this may lead to system instability. The microgrid concept is the effective solution for the control and quality improvement of grids with high level of DG penetration. So, the proposed system, also, can be an active controllable microsource of a microgrid in the future that cooperates with other microsources in order to cover the local load demands for active and reactive power either under grid-connected mode or under islanding operating mode. In cases where the distribution grid (working as microgrid) is forced to operate in islanded mode, the hybrid system provides the demanded active and reactive power. The FCS is connected to a weak distribution grid so that the system performance is studied under the worst conditions. The simulation results are obtained using MATLAB software under a severe step load change where the grid is still connected and under islanded operation. In both cases the system presents a good performance.
机译：为了将与电池组结合的质子交换膜式（PEM）燃料电池系统（FCS）集成到配电网中；本文提出了一种基于模糊逻辑的局部控制器。拟议的系统为本地电网提供主频率控制和本地总线电压支持。这与目前不提供辅助服务（例如备用电源，电压支持和供电可靠性）的无源分布式发电相反，因为它们始终在等于1的恒定功率因数下工作。在网络扰动期间，断开当前的分布式发电，直到重新建立正常运行为止。当分布式发电普及率很高时，这可能会导致系统不稳定。微电网概念是用于控制和改善具有高DG渗透水平的电网的有效解决方案。因此，所提出的系统将来也可以是微电网的有源可控微源，该微电网可与其他微源协作，以在并网模式或孤岛运行模式下满足对有功和无功功率的局部负载需求。如果配电网（作为微电网）被迫以孤岛模式运行，则混合动力系统会提供所需的有功和无功功率。 FCS连接到薄弱的配电网，以便在最坏的条件下研究系统性能。使用MATLAB软件在电网仍处于连接状态且孤岛运行的严重阶跃负载变化下获得仿真结果。在这两种情况下，系统均具有良好的性能。

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