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The role of compressed air energy storage (CAES) in future sustainable energy systems

机译：压缩空气储能（CAES）在未来可持续能源系统中的作用

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Future sustainable energy systems call for the introduction of integrated storage technologies. One of these technologies is compressed air energy storage (CAES). In Denmark at present, wind power meets 20% and combined heat and power production (CHP) meets 50% of the electricity demand. Based on these figures, the paper assesses the value of integrating CAES into future sustainable energy systems with even higher shares of fluctuating renewable energy sources. The evaluation is made on the basis of detailed energy system analyses in which the supply of complete national energy systems is calculated hour by hour in relation to the demands during a year. The Danish case is evaluated in a system-economic perspective by comparing the economic benefits achieved by improving the integration of wind power to the costs of the CAES technology. The result is compared to various other storage options. Furthermore, a business-economic evaluation is done by calculating the potential income of the CAES technology from both spot markets and regulating power markets. The evaluation includes both historical hour by hour prices during a 7-year period on the Nordic Nord Pool market as well as expected future price variations. The conclusion is that even in energy systems with very high shares of wind power and CHP, neither the historical nor the expected future price variations on the spot market alone can justify the investment in CAES systems. Other storage technology options are significantly more feasible. CAES may operate both on the spot market and the regulating power market, which indicates potential feasibility. However, such strategy is highly risky because of the small extent of the regulating power market and if CAES is to become feasible it will depend on incomes from auxiliary services.
机译：未来的可持续能源系统要求引入集成存储技术。这些技术之一是压缩空气能量存储（CAES）。目前在丹麦，风能满足20％，热电联产（CHP）满足电力需求的50％。基于这些数据，本文评估了将CAES集成到未来可再生能源系统中的价值，其中可再生能源的比例甚至更高。该评估是在详细的能源系统分析的基础上进行的，其中，根据一年中的需求逐小时计算完整的国家能源系统的供应。通过比较将风电的集成与CAES技术成本相比较所获得的经济效益，从系统经济角度评估了丹麦的案例。将结果与其他各种存储选项进行比较。此外，通过计算现货市场和监管电力市场中CAES技术的潜在收入来进行商业经济评估。评估包括北欧Nord Pool市场在7年期间的历史小时价格，以及预期的未来价格变化。结论是，即使在风能和热电联产份额很高的能源系统中，仅凭现货市场的历史价格或预期的未来价格变化都不能证明对CAES系统进行投资是合理的。其他存储技术选项明显更可行。 CAES既可以在现货市场也可以在调节电力市场上运行，这表明了潜在的可行性。但是，由于调节电力市场的范围很小，因此这种策略具有很高的风险，如果要使CAES变得可行，它将取决于辅助服务的收入。

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