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节能技术

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Energy Conservation Technology
《节能技术》杂志是1983年由国防科工委批准创办的技术理论与应用综合类刊物。《节能技术》刊名由原国务委员、军委委员张爱萍同志题字，属中央级技术刊物，向全国公开发行。1988年在全国期刊整顿中，由于本刊隶属国防系统，经国防科工委审查，申报中国人民解放军总政治部宣传部和国家新闻出版总署批准，仍作为中央极刊物继续公开发行。
  • 发文量：2902
  • 被引量：908
  • H指数：2
  • 开始收录时间：-
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  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.87
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  • 国内刊号/CN：23-1302/TK
    国际刊号/ISSN：1002-6339
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：14-110
  • 主管单位：工业和信息化部
    主办单位：国防科技工业节能技术服务中心
节能技术-联系信息
  • 主编：陈浮
  • 电话：0451-86412048 86413205
  • 邮箱：jnjs@hit.edu.cn
  • 地址：哈尔滨工业大学节能楼
  • 邮编：150001
节能技术-获奖情况
  • • 1989年获黑龙江省、省科技期刊编辑学会"优秀期刊奖"
  • • 1989年获中共黑龙江省委宣传部、省科委、省教委、省新闻出版局、省科协、省出版者协会"读者喜爱的期刊"
  • • 1991年获国防科工委，国防科技期刊评比二等奖
  • • 1992年被《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录为动力工程类核心期刊
  • • 1995年全文入编《中国学术期刊光盘版》
  • • 2003年本刊荣获第一届北方优秀期刊奖
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节能技术 >2023年第5期

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  • 摘要：Energy saving assessment for fixed assets investment projects involves many industries and professions,the manufacturing techniques of some projects are complex,some projects also have various techniques,and evaluation of energy efficiency bases on numerous gist,so it is likely to have problems with the assessment.Through the analysis of the problems in energy saving assessment found in my work,the paper discusses these problems and gives some suggestions to solve them.The level that every staff involved in the energy saving assessment grasps the laws,regulations,standards and basic principles of energy saving and the measures of supervising all stages of the project affect the final result of the project.Solving problems found in the project through adjusting the laws and regulations and strengthening the supervision are important measures to achieve the goal of energy saving assessment.%固定资产投资项目节能评估涉及到的行业、专业众多,有的项目生产工艺复杂,有的项目有着不同的生产工艺,加上节能评估依据庞杂,使在节能评估环节中易出现问题.通过对在工作中发现的节能评估和审查方面存在的问题进行分析研究,探讨并提出了解决的方法.参与节能评估和审查各方机构人员专业技能的高低及掌握节能基本原理、法规、规范标准的程度和对项目各阶段的监督措施,都会影响到项目的最终结果.及时调整、完善法规、标准和加强监督的力度,是达到节能评估目的的重要举措.
  • 摘要：为提高燃烟梗卧式循环流化床蒸汽锅炉的节能效率,降低煤的使用量.通过烟梗与颗粒度小于5 mm细石子及石粉、炉渣和煤进行掺烧,研究不同物料掺烧对燃烟梗卧式循环流化床锅炉燃烧特性的影响.研究表明:烟梗+炉渣、烟梗+煤和烟梗+煤+炉渣掺烧均能满足燃烟梗卧式循环流化床锅炉的燃烧需求,且产蒸汽量较为稳定;而烟梗+细石子石粉掺烧易造成炉渣凝结,影响锅炉正常燃烧;在满足复烤蒸汽需求的条件下,锅炉的最大负荷、炉温呈:烟梗+煤掺烧＞烟梗+煤+炉渣掺烧＞烟梗+炉渣掺烧;且随着用煤量增加,锅炉的最大负荷和炉温有所增加,而除渣量却有所减低.%In order to improve the energy efficiency of tobacco-stem fired horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler,reduce the amount of coal.Study on effects of different materials mixed combustion on tobacco-stem horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler combustion characteristics,using tobacco-stem mixed combustion a particle size less than 5 mm fine gravel and stone dust,slag,coal.The results show that slag mixed combustion tobacco-stem,coal mixed combustion tobacco-stem,coal and slag mixed combustion tobacco-stem can meet the needs of tobacco stem horizontal combustion circulating fluidized bed boiler,producing steam and more stable,but stone slag powder mixed combustion tobacco-stem easily lead to condensation,affecting the normal combustion boiler;Under meet the steam demand of re-drying processing,the maximum load of the boiler,furnace temperature was:coal mixed combustion tobacco-stem ＞ coal slag mixed combustion tobacco-stem ＞ slag mixed combustion tobacco-stem;And with the increase of the amount of coal,the maximum load of the boiler and furnace temperature increased,while the amount of slag is somewhat reduced.
  • 摘要：The most critical factor in cut tobacco pneumatic feeding system of the cigarette factory is the stability of the conveying speed,which has a great impact on the quality of the cigarette.According to the characteristics of randomness,uncertainty and frequent change of air volume in cut tobacco pneumatic feeding system,the basic reason of the conveying speed instability and non-energy saving is analyzed.This paper proposed from the overall situation,take the main-auxiliary valve adjustment technology,that is,the main valve used to adjust the total air flow and the branch valve is only for static balance.The probabilistic distribution function is used to analyze the suction probability of the cigarette maker.The probability of the cigarette maker supplying the tobacco at the same time is very low,which is a small probability event.So take the fan according to the partial load to set the initial frequency of the optimal control program.The results show that the frequency of the fan is reduced from 48 Hz to 42 Hz and the power is reduced from 30 kW to 22 kW.The system is running smoothly and the conveying speed is stable and the energy saving is 20％ ～30％.This paper not only provides a new design ideas of the cut tobacco pneumatic feeding system,but also can guide the equipment selection and control scheme of the engineering project.%卷烟厂风力送丝系统最关键因素是风速的稳定,风速对烟支质量产生较大的影响.针对供丝系统的随机性、不确定性、风量频繁变化的特点,分析了卷烟厂风力送丝系统不节能、送丝风速不稳定的根本原因.本文提出了从全局出发,采取主-辅阀门调节技术,即主管阀门调节总风量而支管阀门仅做静态平衡.应用概率分布函数分析了卷烟机的吸丝概率,同一时刻全部吸丝或全部停止的概率很低,属于小概率事件.因此采取风机按部分负荷进行初始频率设定的优化控制方案.实测结果表明:优化后风机频率由48 Hz降为42 Hz,功率由30 kW降为22 kW,系统运行平稳,送丝风速稳定,节能可达20％～30％.本文不仅为风力送丝工程优化设计提供了一种新思路,而且对指导工程项目的风机选型和控制方案具有参考价值.
  • 摘要：对大型异同步电动机应用中存在的转子励磁系统损耗大、滑环故障率高等问题,提出仅对其转子进行改造,将其再制造成自起动永磁电机.以一台630kW-36P的异同步电机为例,通过等效安匝数原理将原电机转子直流励磁安匝数等效成永磁体激磁磁势,利用商业软件对等效永磁激励条件下的纹波转矩、气隙磁密波形、转速稳定性及运行效率等进行了仿真.结果表明,再制造后自起动永磁电机保留了原异同步电动机的优点,且效率和功率因数以及起动能力,都具有显著的提高,具有重要的工程实践和节能改造价值.%According to the rotor excitation control system of synchronous motor of large loss in the application,the slip ring higher failure rate,which only had carried on the transformation to the rotor and then had made into line-start PMSM.The synchronous motor of a 630kW-36P as an example,the old motor rotor DC excitation ampere had been equivalent to permanent magnet excitation magnetic potential with the equivalent ampere principle.The use of commercial software for simulating the equivalent permanent magnet excitation torque ripple,air gap flux density waveform,speed stability and efficiency.The results show that remanufacturing line-start PMSM retains the advantages of the old synchronous motor,and the efficiency and power factor and starting capability improve significantly.The remanufacturing has important engineering practice and energy saving renovation value.
  • 摘要：This paper introduces the research and application of online monitoring system for energy saving and emission reduction of thermal power units.The real time monitoring of pollutant emission reduction of thermal power units is realized by using energy saving emission reduction online monitoring system,which can provide reference for the optimization of pollutant operation in thermal power plants.The system is based on the real time data acquisition,data compression and storage principle,data verification and online calculation of energy consumption and pollutant index according to the relevant standards.To achieve the unit coal consumption analysis and sorting and pollution indicators of the statistical analysis for the unit to provide basic data on energy conservation and emission reduction,while displaying the production data and analysis indicators,the report system to achieve the analysis of statistical indicators.Through the actual comparison,the system is accurate,the monitoring content is comprehensive,meet the analysis and statistical requirements.%介绍了火电机组节能减排在线监测系统的研究与应用.利用节能减排在线监管系统实现火电机组污染物减排的实时监控,为火电厂污染物运行优化提供参考.系统基于火电厂生产实时数据采集、数据压缩存储原理、数据校验,按有关标准进行能耗和污染物指标的在线计算.实现机组的煤耗分析排序和污染指标的统计分析,为机组节能减排提供基础数据,同时展示生产数据及分析指标,报表系统实现分析指标的统计.通过实际比较,系统计算准确,监测内容全面,满足分析和统计要求.
  • 摘要：To study the aerodynamic performance of an aggressive inter-turbine duct,the influence of the meridional passage contour on aerodynamic performance and flow field of an inter-turbine duct with struts was studied by numerical simulation.The aerodynamic parameters distribution and flow behavior of inter-turbine duct and high-pressure turbine for four meridional passage contours was discussed,and comparative analysis of total pressure losses in four cases was showed.The results show that the meridional passage contours of inter-turbine duct have little influence on high-pressure turbine,and only the flow angle of Case_1 changed significantly.The static pressure distribution along flow passages was changed with the changing of meridional passage contours of inter-turbine duct,and the variation of adverse pressure gradient causes flow separations near casing to change,and then the losses at outlet of inter-turbine duct change with it.Consequently,the aerodynamic performance of inter-turbine duct was influenced greatly.%为了研究某型涡轮过渡段气动性能,采用数值模拟方法研究了子午型线对某带支板的涡轮过渡段气动性能和流场特性的影响,探讨了四种机匣型线时过渡段及上游高压涡轮的气动参数分布及流动情况,并给出了不同方案时总损失对比分析.结果表明,过渡段机匣子午型线对上游高压涡轮的影响不大,仅方案Case_1的气流角发生了明显变化.由于不同的过渡段子午型线使得流道中的静压分布发生变化,气流逆压梯度的变化引起机匣附近的流动分离改变,进而使得过渡段出口的损失变化,极大地影响过渡段的整体气动性能.
  • 摘要：为粒子系太阳能反应器的设计与制造提供理论指导,利用CFD方法对粒子系反应器内的流动与传热过程进行了数值模拟,建立了能够合适的描述反应器内气固两相流动与传热的数学模型.在特定的流动状态下给反应器壁面施加不同的热流得到不同的温度场特性,并对不同的流动状态和温度场进行了对比.研究结果表明:双流体模型和k-ε湍流模型能够很好的描述粒子系反应器内的流动情况;空气速度0.1 m/s、颗粒粒径0.09 mm时反应器内流动状态为环-核流动,且反应器中气固两相的环-核流动状态要优于悬浮状态;在相同热流条件下,环-核流动状态的出口温度比悬浮状态的出口温度高50 K,但是无论是哪种热流,反应器出口的空气温度随时间的增加趋于定值.%In order to provide the theoretical guidance for the design and manufacture of the solar reactor,the CFD method is used to simulate the flow and heat transfer process in the particle reactor.The gas-solid two-phase flow model and heat transfer model in the reactor are established.Under different flow conditions,different heat flow is applied to the wall of the reactor and different temperature field characteristics are obtained.On this basis,the different flow states and temperature fields are compared.The results show that:The two-fluid model and the k-ε turbulence model are well suited to describe the flow in the particle reactor.When the air velocity is 0.1 m/s and the particle size is about 0.09 mm,the flow state in the reactor is ring-core flow;The ring-core flow state of the gas-solid two-phase in the reactor is superior to the suspended state;Under the same heat flow conditions,the outlet temperature of the ring-core flow state is 50 K higher than the outlet temperature of the suspended state,but no matter what kind of heat flow,the outlet temperature of the reactor tends to be constant with the increase of time.
  • 摘要：In order to study the influence of the partially premixed equivalence ratio φp on counterflow flame structure and to study the reason of tensile deformation in counterflow flame center,cylinder counterflow flame and linear counterflow flame test systems are built,and the corresponding simulation work is done.Research shows that premixed flame and diffusion flame constitute partially premixed counterflow flame which has a typical double flame structure;And with the decrease of φp,the gap between premixed flame and diffusion flame increases.When φpis small,cylinder counterflow flame has obvious tensile deformation,and the zone near central axis of premixed flame bulges towards flow direction of premixed combustible gas.Heat accumulation of the flame center leads to uneven distribution of radial temperature and imbalance between local flame propagation velocity and incoming velocity,which is a basic reason for tensile deformation of premixed flame.Comparatively,linear counterflow flame eliminates the heat accumulation in premixed flame center by intensifying heat dissipation of y-axis,so tensile deformation is not obvious.%本文为了研究部分预混当量比φp对对向流火焰结构的影响规律、探究对向流火焰中心拉伸形变的原因,分别构建了圆形对向流火焰和线形对向流火焰测试系统,并进行了与之对应的仿真工作.研究显示,部分预混对向流火焰由动力火焰和扩散火焰两部分组成,呈现典型的双火焰结构;随着φp的降低,动力火焰与扩散火焰之间的间距逐渐增加.在较低的φp下,圆形对向流火焰存在明显的拉伸变形现象,动力火焰中轴线附近区域向预混可燃气来流方向显著凸起.火焰中心区域的热量堆积导致径向温度分布不均、局部火焰传播速度与来流速度的不均衡,是造成动力火焰拉伸凸出的根本原因.相对而言,线形对向流火焰通过强化Y轴散热消除了动力火焰中心区域的热量堆积现象,故火焰拉伸变形现象并不明显.
  • 摘要：为了研究螺旋板换热器结构对其性能的影响,为换热器设计提供指导,采用周期流模型对螺旋板换热器流动传热性能进行数值模拟,结果表明:周期流模型适用于螺旋板换热器的流动传热问题;定距柱通过强化对流传热以及冲击换热提高换热器的传热性能;定距柱间距增大或板间距减小会降低换热器传热性能,减小压损;减小流向间距或板间距降低综合性能;横向间距、板间距增大或流向间距减小可提高换热器经济性;换热器传热和压损对横向间距的变化最敏感,而板间距对综合性能影响最大;流向间距对换热器性能影响不明显.%The periodic flow model of Spiral Plate Heat Exchanger (SPHE) was built to numerically study its flow and heat transfer properties for investigating the effect of structure on SPHE perfromance and designing SPHE.The results indicate that the periodic model is applicable for investigating the flow and heat transfer properties of SPHE.The spacing columns can improve heat transfer enhancing the convective and the impinging heat transfer.Increasing the spacing of spacing columns or reducing the flow channel spacingcan weaken the heat transfer performance but reducing the pressure loss.The comprehensive performance will be augmented due to the decrease of flow channel spacing and streamwise spacing.Increasing spanwise spacing and flow channel spacing or reducing streamwise spacingcan economically enhance performance of the heat exchanger.Spanwise spacing has maximum effect on the heat transfer and pressure loss of SPHE,while flow channel spacing has maximum effect on the comprehensive performance.Streamwise spacing slightly affects the performance of SPHE.
  • 摘要：为解决空调机组(AHU)变风量运行方式下送风温度难以根据工况变化进行动态优化的问题,提出了一种基于PSO算法的空调机组送风温度的优化方法,该方法对空调机组运行能耗进行分解,分别建立风机能耗模型和水泵能耗模型,并以空调机组运行能耗最小为目标,以表冷器的运行性能为约束,对不同工况下空调机组的最优送风温度进行求解.仿真结果表明,该方法能有效的应用于AHU变风量运行参数的优化,与常规变风量运行方式相比具有17.72％的节能效果.%Aiming at the problem that AHU's operating parameters lack basis of dynamic adjusting,an optimal calculation method based on SVR and PSO is presented,which can be useful to calculate AHU's optimal operating parameters under different conditions.Comparing with the conventional operation mode,this optimal operation mode can not only maintain indoor cooling load demand but also save the power consumption of AHU.Simulation experiments based on a test platform proved that a reduction of 17.72％ of the power consumption was achievable.
  • 摘要：文章以湖南地区多个风电场为例,选取10 min和1h的测风时间序列采用单机计算法计算风电场风能资源参数、发电量和内部收益率指标,探讨测风时间尺度对风电场设计参数的影响.结果表明,10 min和1h测风时间序列计算风能资源参数基本一致,但1h测风时间序列计算发电量和内部收益率系统性偏小,同时差异随平均风速和风机叶片的减小有增大趋势.本成果可为风电场风能资源评估、发电量、内部收益率的不确定性及后评估提供参考,同时建议风电相关规程规范和风资源工程师采用10 min测风时间序列开展风能资源评估尤其是代表年订正及发电量计算工作.%This paper presents the influences of wind generation plant design parameters by wind time scales based on calculating wind parameters,generation quantity and internal rate of return in the methods of single set calculation which select the wind speed time series of ten minute and one hour in multiple wind farm in Hunan.The results shows that wind resource parameters are basically the same in the wind speed time series of ten minute and one hour,however the generation revenue and internal rate of return is systematically small calculated by speed time series of one hour and the difference is increasing with the decrease of the mean wind speed and wind turbine blade.The results not only provides a reference for wind resource assessment,generation quantity,the uncertainty of internal rate of return and the post evaluation,but also recommends the wind speed time series of ten minute to assessment wind energy resource in revising representative year and calculate generating capacity of wind energy resource assessment for wind power related regulation and wind resources engineer.
  • 摘要：核能作为清洁、安全、高效的能源,可以作为城市区域供热的热源.为解决中国北方地区供暖季节燃煤供暖导致的严重空气污染,中核辽宁核电有限公司开展核电供热专题研究,完成了徐大堡一期核能区域供热可行性方案.本文介绍了徐大堡核能区域供热的技术方案,分析了增加核能供热系统对机组核安全三要素的影响,得出徐大堡核电厂利用汽机抽汽进行区域供热不会影响到核电机组核安全三要素的结论.%Nuclear energy is a clean,safe and efficient energy,it can be used as a heat source for district heating.In order to solve the serious air pollution caused by the heating of coal in northern China during the heating season,CNNC Liaoning Nuclear Power Co.,Ltd.Completed the feasibility study of nuclear power regional heating in Xudapu by conducting nuclear power heating.This paper introduces the technical scheme of Xudapu nuclear energy district heating,and discusses the influence of increasing the nuclear power supply system on the three elements of nuclear safety of the unit.It is concluded that the district heating of Xudapu nuclear power plant will not affect the three elements of nuclear safetyt.
  • 摘要：针对天然气管网在检修、抢修与维护过程中的放散问题,设计开发了一套车载ANG放散气回收与紧急供气多功能工艺系统,具有撬装化、移动式、无需建站、集回收与供气一体化等特点,并具有环保与经济双重效益.在管理运营上灵活便捷,且已实现工程化,为此类技术的发展与产业化提供了坚实基础.%In view of the natural gas pipe network in radiation problem in the process of maintenance,repair and maintance,a tossing gas recovery and emergency gas supply multi-functionprocess of ANG vehicle carries system is designed and developed,with features of skid-mounted,mobile,no gas-filling sta tion and charge/discharge integrated,meanwhile,it is benefitial to both environment and economy.In operation and management mode,flexible and convenient.The process has put it into industrilization,provides a solid foundation,for the development of such technologies and industrialization.
  • 摘要：For a ground source heat pump engineering on a certain office building in new district of Lanzhou,in order to get the geotechnical thermal physical properties,we have a thermal response test on site.Through the research of heat transfer model and calculation method,then process the test data used a reasonable method,get the initial average soit temperature,soil comprehensive coefficient of thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity,borehole comprehensive thermal resistance of the engineering area.After verified the report of geotechnical engineering investigation in local construction area,get the soil density,moisture content and porosity,compared and analyzed with the test data considered the data is reliable,the calculation of geotechnical data in thermal and physical properties can be used as based parameters for ground source heat pump engineering design.%针对兰州新区某一写字楼地源热泵工程,为了得到现场岩土热物性,进行现场热响应试验测试.通过研究传热模型及热物性计算方法,对试验数据进行科学处理,获得工程所在地土壤原始平均温度、土壤综合导热系数、容积比热容、钻孔综合热阻.经过查证本建筑场地《岩土工程勘察报告》中的土壤密度、含水率及孔隙率,分析对比认为试验数据是可靠的,计算的岩土热物性数据可用于地源热泵工程设计的基础参数.
  • 摘要：Demand response is an important way to ease the contradiction between supply and demand,reduce the peak load,and promote energy saving and emission reduction.Demand responseis an important measure to ensure the system safe,reliable and economic operation.The types of demand response and its mechanism was introduced in this paper.Demand response support technology was described including communication technology,standards,and advanced metering system.The auxiliary decision-making technologywas discussed in detailsuch as demand response strategy development,demand response support system.The architecture and functionality of demand response was designed.Demand response effect and evaluation method was analyzed in this paper.Demand response study routes ware proposed including DR project planning,the design of new demand-response mechanisms,developing and promotingload shaping technologies,distributed generator and load combined dispatching,Integrated Resource Planning,et al.%为探究电力需求响应的技术现状及研究思路,在梳理国内外实施需求响应的理论与实践的基础上,系统介绍电力需求响应的类型及机制,分析了包括通信技术及标准、高级量测体系、需求响应辅助决策技术等关键支撑技术.在分析电力需求响应对电力系统影响的基础上,阐述电力需求响应成本效益分析方法,指出需求响应评价中存在的不足,提出电力用户需求响应性能评价方法的研究思路.针对当前电力市场化改革背景下推动电力需求响应实用化,提出适合我国国情的需求响应实施机制、基于能源互联网技术的综合能源规划、需求响应支撑平台设计与建设等研究思路,为需求响应研究及实践提供有益的借鉴.
  • 摘要：This paper is based on the study of the swirl diffusers effectiveness to multifunctional exhibition room in Shanghai.It is used the professional software Fluent for typical angle conditions in winter and summer (heating,cooling conditions were 90 °,45 °) of adjustable swirl diffusers to simulate indoor flow field,temperature distribution,and through the UDF obtained PMV-PPD and the air age distribution.The results show that swirl diffusers can better meet the needs of winter and summer conditions,the level of temperature and velocity distribution are relatively uniform,and because of differences in winter and summer angle setting,the maximum temperature difference in the vertical direction in the mode of the winter case is less than that in summer,the jet distance is farther than summer condition,while the effect of horizontal diffusion in summer is better than in winter.Based on numerical prediction and evaluation of thermal environment PMV-PPD and the air age,it can be drawn thermal comfort in winter is better than in summer,the difference of the air age between them is little,the air quality inside the exhibition room is relatively good.%为研究旋流风口送风对上海某建筑多功能展厅的效果,利用CFD方法对冬、夏季可调式旋流风口的典型角度工况(供热、供冷工况分别为90°、45°)进行模拟,得到了室内流场、温度场、PMV-PPD及空气龄分布.结果表明:旋流风口能够较好地满足冬、夏工况的需要,水平温度、速度场分布均较为均匀.由于冬夏季角度设置差异,垂直方向上冬季工况的最大温差小于夏季工况,射流距离大于夏季工况,而夏季气流的水平扩散效果优于冬季.基于PMV-PPD和空气龄的热环境数值预测与评价,可得出冬季的热舒适感觉优于夏季,两者空气龄差异较小,展厅内的空气品质相对良好.
  • 摘要：为提高燃烧环境下热辐射传输模拟计算的准确性以及可靠性,本文将统计窄谱带K分布模型(Statistical Narrow Band correlated-K,SNBCK)与热辐射传输求解计算的有限体积法(Finite Volume Method,FVM)相结合,建立起非灰燃气辐射传输计算模型;并以一个燃烧室火焰筒模型为研究对象,搭建了高温燃气风洞试验台,测量其在燃烧工况下的壁面辐射热流,将模拟得出壁面辐射热流与实验测量结果进行对比分析.研究结果发现本文计算的壁面辐射热流与实验结果的相对误差在-38.89％ ～32.54％之间,验证了本文计算的可靠性.且实验结果显示壁面辐射热流在总壁面热流中占的比重为10％ ～30％,在燃机设计过程中壁面辐射热流的影响不可忽视.%In order to improve the calculation accuracy and reliability of radiative heat transfer in combus tion conditions,the statistical narrow-band K distribution model was combined with finite volume method to establish the calculation model of non gray gas radiation transmission.A flame tube model was set as the research object to build a high temperature gas wind tunnel test rig,the wall radiative heat flux was measured in the work conduction,and was compared with the simulation results.The results show the relative error between the simulation wall heat flux and the experimental results is between-38.89％ and 32.54％,the reliability of the calculation is verified.And the experimental results show that the radiation contribution in the total wall heat flux is about 10％ ～ 30％,so the wall radiative heat flux can not be neglected in the design process of the gas turbine.
  • 摘要：采用热分析仪对内蒙古地区两种产量较大的生物质—玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆进行了热重实验,比较了燃烧特性,计算了燃烧反应动力学参数.结果表明挥发份的析出燃烧阶段是两种生物质燃烧的主要阶段.小麦秸秆的综合燃烧特性比玉米秸秆好.两种生物质在挥发份析出燃烧阶段的活化能及频率因子均高于焦炭燃烧阶段的活化能及频率因子.%By using thermal analyzer,two types of larger production of biomass from Inner Mongolia Re gion was performed thermogravimetry experimentation analysis.The differences in combustion properties were compared,and the combustion kinetic parameters were calculated.The results show that the volatilization separation and combustion phase is the main one in the process of combustion of two types of biomass.The comprehensive combustion property of wheat straw is better than that of corn straw.The activation energy and frequency factor are higher at the volatilization separation and combustion phase than those at the coke combustion phase.
  • 摘要：为探索和研究某型船用板式换热器在脉动流动下的传热特性,利用往复泵作为脉动源,将脉动源安装在冷水侧,以此来研究在脉动振幅0.03 MPa、不同频率、过渡流态下上游脉动对换热效率的影响.实验在Re(3 000 ～8 000)、脉动振幅0.03 MPa、脉动频率(0.5 ～1.1 Hz)参数条件下进行.实验结果表明:在加入脉动之后,板式换热器冷水路和热水路之间的热量传输速率大大提高;在脉动振幅0.03 MPa,Re为3774,脉动频率0.55 Hz时,换热效率提高了59.8％;并且随着Re增加,最弱脉动频率出现在0.66 Hz附近.%This paper aims to explore and study the heat transfer characteristics of pulsating flow of plate heat exchanger in certain type ship.The experiment uses reciprocating pump as a pulsation source,which installed in the cold water side,in order to study the effect of upstream pulsating to the heat transfer efficiency under the condition that pulsation amplitude 0.03 MPa,different frequencies and transition flow regime.Experiment is carried out under the conditions of Re (3 000 ～ 8 000),the pulsation amplitude 0.03 MPa,pulse frequency (0.5 ～ 1.1 Hz).The result shows that after pulsating flow is added,the heat transfer rate of the plate heat exchanger greatly improved between the cold water pipeline and hot water pipeline;when the pulsation amplitude is 0.03 MPa,Reynolds is 3774,the pulsation frequency is 0.55 Hz,heat exchange efficiency can improve by 59.8％;and as the Reynolds number increases,the weakest pulse frequency appears near 0.66 Hz.
  • 摘要：In the engineering research of the natural gas liquefaction technology,it is necessary to sepa rate heavy hydrocarbon from natural gas before liquefaction.In order to increase C3 yield,guarantee LNG product quality and decrease energy consumption,the process parameter is researched optimally.Firstly the fractionation process is simulated and calculated by using HYSYS software,then the major parameters such as the reflux ratio of demethanizer and deethanizer,the plate number and operating pressure of demethanizer is optimized and selected.Finally the results illustrate,when the reflux ratio is O.85,C3 yield reaches the highest and C3 gas is least which is carried away by natural gas;the least plate number of demethanizer is 10;the lower operating pressure of demethanizer is,the higher C3 yield is,but the total compressor power consumption is increased.So 33 MPa is selected as the operating pressure,under the premise of LNG calorific value.When the fractionation process parameters are optimized,C3 yield is guaranteed and the energy consumption is controlled at the same time.%在天然气液化技术工程化研究中,将天然气中的重烃分离出来之后再液化,为了提高C3回收率并保证LNG产品质量和系统能耗要求,需要对工艺参数进行优化研究.先使用HYSYS软件对分馏工艺进行模拟和计算,再改变脱甲烷塔和脱乙烷塔回流比、脱甲烷塔塔板数和操作压力等参数,比较和优化后得到合理的参数.通过优化研究说明,当分流率在0.85时,被天然气携带走的C3最少,C3收率最高;脱甲烷塔最小塔板数为10块时,C3收率开始下降;脱甲烷塔操作压力越低,C3收率增加,但导致压缩机总功耗增加,在保证LNG产品热值的前提下选取操作压力为33 MPa.优化后确定的分馏工艺参数,在保证C3收率的同时控制了装置能耗.
  • 摘要：为了揭示涡轮流道内旋涡结构的空间演化规律,本文采用数值模拟方法对某型涡轮平面叶栅内部流场进行了详细的拓扑分析.首先,利用已有的平面叶栅吹风实验结果对数值模拟结果做了详细的校核,对比结果表明实验结果和数值模拟结果在叶栅气动性能的变化趋势上保持一致,因此用数值模拟结果来定性分析叶栅旋涡结构具有可行性.通过对叶栅流道内部和出口若干个截面上的二次流流线的分析,建立起该涡轮平面叶栅流道旋涡结构,结果表明该叶栅旋涡结构呈上下对称分布,共存在六个旋涡,即上、下马蹄涡、上、下通道涡、上、下集中脱落涡.最终,通过建立叶栅三维定常旋涡结构,明确了叶栅流场内旋涡演化规律.%In order to indicate the evolution rule of the vortex structure in the flow passage of a turbine cascade,it was analyzed in detail by using the numerical simulation method,that the vortex structures of a certain type of turbine planar cascade.Firstly,this numerical simulation method was verified against existing planar cascade experimental results carefully,and the results show that experimental and numerical simulation results on the change tendency of the cascade aerodynamic performance are consistent,so it is feasible to qualitative analysis of the vortex structure by the results of numerical simulation.Through both internal and export sections of cascade passage,the secondary flow streamlines were analyzed,and then vortex structure of the turbine planar cascade were established,the results show that the distribution of the vortex structure is symmetrical,altogether there are six vortexes,namely the up and down horseshoe vortex,the up and down passage vortex,the up and down concentrated shedding vortex.Finally,through the establishment of three-dimensional unsteady vortex structures of this turbine cascade,it has been clear about the evolution rule of the turbine cascade flow field.
  • 摘要：为了研究换热器内锥螺旋管束在管程流体诱导下的振动特性,搭建了管束振动测试实验台,在管程流速为0.106～0.446 m/s的范围内,利用加速度传感器实测了管束的振动加速度,分析了管束的振动加速度频谱图和振动位移幅值的变化.实验结果表明:在管程流体的作用下,流速为0.106～0.361 m/s时各排管束的振动主频不变,流速继续增大时主频改变;管束振动主频的加速度幅值随流速增加整体上呈现先增大后减小的趋势;管程流体对顶排管束振动的影响最大,自上而下对管束的激励作用逐渐减小.%The experiment table was constructed to study the tube side vibration responses of conical spiral tube bundle at the tube side velocity between 0.106 m/s and 0.446 m/s.The vibration acceleration of tube bundle was measured by acceleration sensor,and the tube bundle's spectrogram of vibration acceleration and the variation of vibration displacement amplitude were analyzed.Experiment results show that under the condition of flow-induced vibration,the dominating vibration frequency of the tube is invariable from the velocity value 0.106 m/s to 0.361 m/s.The dominating vibration frequency will change when tube side velocity keeps growing.The acceleration magnitude of the dominating frequency increases with velocity value first and begins to decrease after the peak.The vibration magnitude of the top tube bundle is the maximum at the influence of tube side fluid,and the vibration magnitude decreases gradually from top to bottom.
  • 摘要：对某QXS58-1.6/130/70-AⅢ型煤粉锅炉爆管的原因进行了分析;针对锅炉水处理、排污方式等问题提出了改进建议;将锅炉炉膛水冷壁单循环方式改为二次循环方式;改进后锅炉运行两个采暖季未再发生爆管事故.%Analyses the reason of tube bursting in QXS58-1.6/130/70-A Ⅲ type pulverized coal boiler,propose recommendations of boiler water treatment and boiler blowdown,remould the water tube with recirculation in order to increase the water velocity,after the improvement no tube bursting occurred in two heating seasons.
  • 摘要：为了扩大点火火核体积,提高放电等离子体点火器的点火可靠性,本文采用了三电板结构来产生大体积的稳定放电.试验对比了不同激励电压、电流下的放电特性,获取了最大放电通道体积时的外激励参数.结果表明:激励电流对放电通道体积的促进作用较弱,随着激励电流的增加,放电通道体积基本无变化,放电通道的功率密度持续上升.激励电压对放电通道体积的促进作用较大,随着激励电压的增加,放电通道体积先增大后不变,放电通道的功率密度则会先降低后上升.对比之下,增大激励电压可以获取更大的放电通道体积.%To enlarge the Spark Kernel and improve the ignition reliability of discharge plasma igniter,this paper generated large volume stable discharge by using three electrode structure.Experiment compared the discharge characteristic under different source voltage and current,and got the source parameter under the maximal volume of discharge channel.The result showed that:the promotion from source current to discharge channel is little,and the volume of discharge channel had no change with increasing source current,basically.The power density steadily increased.The promotion from source voltage to discharge channel is large,and the volume of discharge channel firstly increased and then steadily with increasing source voltage.The power density firstly decreased and then increased.It could make the volume of discharge channel larger to increase source voltage,compared with another method.
  • 摘要：Industrial buildings in cold regions generally do not need to use air conditioning,energy-saving focus mainly on the heating system design.In this paper,Using the energy stimulation software eQUEST as the main tool to study the energy consumption of different buildings from the aspects of envelope structure,heating system and lighting power.Then the data were processed by SPSS software,conclude the primary and secondary relations of different energy-saving technical measures,is conducive to the implementation of enterprise energy conservation.%寒冷地区工业建筑一般无需采用空调,节能重点主要在供暖系统设计方面.本文结合能耗模拟软件eQUEST从围护结构、供暖系统、照明等方面研究了不同节能技术对建筑能耗的影响程度,并利用SPSS软件进行数据处理,得到了不同节能技术措施对能耗影响的主次关系,为后续企业节能工作的实施提供参考依据.
  • 摘要：本文主要对北京延庆地区某建筑物的能耗特性进行研究,采用温频法对建筑物进行能耗分析,从而得到了该建筑物的热负荷.通过模拟值和实际运行值的对比可以得出:实际运行时,模拟值在运行数据附近变化,从而验证了模型的正确性.该模型对建筑物的能耗分析和采暖负荷计算具有一定的指导意义,可为整个双热源热泵系统的仿真及优化提供依据.%The energy consumption of a building in Beijing Yanqing region was analyzed by frequency-temperature method,in order to obtain the thermal load of the building.By comparing the values of simulation and actual operating can be obtained:in actual operation,the simulation results changed in the vicinity of operating data,thus verifying the correctness of the model.The model for energy analysis and calculation of heating load of the building has a certain significance,can provide the basis for the simulation and optimization of the entire dual-source heat pump system.
  • 摘要：纳米流体具有良好导热性能,可被用来作为传热工质,提高传热系统工作效率.本文采用格子玻尔兹曼方法对乙二醇/水基ZnO纳米流体自然对流特性进行了模拟研究,对比了不同温度分布函数对模拟结果的影响.可以看出,在高瑞利数下,采用D2G9T9模型计算方腔内流场的矢量图中出现了更为明显的漩涡.通过与实验数据对比可以看出,采用D2G9T9模型得到的结果更为精确.%Nanofluid can be used as heat transfer medium to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the system with good thermal conductivity.The article makes simulation on thenatural convection heat transfer of ethylene glycol/aqueous ZnO nanofluids by Lattice Boltzmann methodand compares the effect of different temperaturedistribution function on the simulation results.It can be seen that there is more swirls in square cavity flow field vectors,which is calculated by D2G9T9 model under the high Rayleigh number.Compared with experimental data,the simulation results of D2G9T9 model is more accurate.
  • 摘要：The high energy consumption of water is the key problem in the application of sewage source heat pump technology.In order to explore the influencing factors of energy consumption,the mathematical model of transportation energy consumption ratio was established.Research system under different connection modes of different operation control mode.The results show that the energy consumption of the multi-pump parallel operation is 2.07％ ～17.91％,and the energy consumption of the inverter is in the range of 3.98％ ～26.04％ compared with the actual operation.It can be seen that the use of multi-pump parallel or pump frequency conversion operation reduces the energy consumption of the system and has certain energy saving effect.%输水能耗较高是污水源热泵技术在应用中面临的关键难题.为了探究输水能耗的影响因素,建立了输送能耗比的数学模型,对系统不同连接方式下不同运行调控方式进行研究.研究结果表明,以本文选取的实际工程为例,较之工频运行,多水泵并联运行的能耗降低范围在2.07％～17.91％,变频运行的能耗降低范围在3.98％ ～ 26.04％.可见采用多水泵并联或水泵变频运行均降低了系统的能耗,具有一定的节能效果.
  • 摘要：The carbon content of slag and fly ash are the main components of q4 loss that was one of the main thermal losses of coal-fired industrial boilers.Fuel characteristics,combustion model,boiler load,furnace temperature are closely related to q4,slag and fly ash.In this paper,the correlation analysis of q4,the carbon content of slag and fly ash with the operating parameters were analyzed.Based on the correlation variable,the fitting formulas under the condition of the non-fuel characteristic parameters were obtained by using the multidimensional fitting method and the validity of the formula was verified in engineering was determined.%炉渣和飞灰含碳量是构成燃煤工业锅炉主要热损失q4的主要部分.燃料特性、燃烧方式、锅炉负荷、炉膛温度等参数与q4炉渣和飞灰含碳量具有密切的关系.本文采用数理统计的方法对q4炉渣含碳量和飞灰含碳量与各运行参数进行了相关性分析,并以相关性变量为基础,采用多元拟合的方法得到了无燃料特性参数条件下的三个拟合公式,且判定了公式在工程上的有效性.

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    节能技术的获奖情况

    • • 1989年获黑龙江省、省科技期刊编辑学会"优秀期刊奖"
    • • 1989年获中共黑龙江省委宣传部、省科委、省教委、省新闻出版局、省科协、省出版者协会"读者喜爱的期刊"
    • • 1991年获国防科工委，国防科技期刊评比二等奖
    • • 1992年被《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录为动力工程类核心期刊
    • • 1995年全文入编《中国学术期刊光盘版》
    • • 2003年本刊荣获第一届北方优秀期刊奖

    节能技术的收录情况

    • • 化学文摘（网络版）
    • • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库
    • • 中国科技核心期刊

    节能技术的投稿信息

    • 通讯地址：哈尔滨工业大学节能楼
    • 邮编：150001
    • 联系电话：0451-86412048 86413205
    • 邮箱：jnjs@hit.edu.cn
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