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Experimental evaluation of wind turbines maximum power point tracking controllers

机译：风力发电机最大功率点跟踪控制器的实验评估

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Wind energy technology has experienced important improvements this last decade. The transition from fixed speed to variable speed wind turbines has been a significant element of these improvements. It has allowed adapting the turbine rotational speed to the wind speed variations with the aim of optimizing the aerodynamic efficiency. A classic controller that has slow dynamics relative to the mechanical dynamics of the drive train is implemented in commercial wind turbines. The objective of the work related in this paper has been to evaluate the implementation, on a test bench, of a controller whose dynamics can be adjusted to be faster and to compare in particular its aerodynamic efficiency with the conventional controller. In theory, the higher dynamics of the non-classic controller has to lead to a better efficiency. A 180 kW wind turbine whose simulation model has been validated with field data is emulated on an 18 kW test bench. The emulator has also been validated. Test bench trials are a very useful step between numerical simulation and trials on the real system because they allow analyzing some phenomena that may not appear in simulations without endangering the real system. The trials on the test bench show that the non-conventional controller leads to a higher aerodynamic efficiency and that this is offset by higher mechanical torque and electric power fluctuations. Nevertheless, the amplitudes of these fluctuations are relatively low compared to their rated values.
机译：在过去的十年中，风能技术经历了重要的进步。从定速风力涡轮机过渡到变速风力涡轮机是这些改进的重要组成部分。它允许使涡轮机转速适应风速变化，以优化空气动力学效率。在商业风力涡轮机中实现了相对于传动系统的机械动力学具有较慢动力学的经典控制器。本文相关工作的目的是评估在测试台上控制器的实施情况，该控制器的动态速度可以调整得更快，尤其是将其空气动力学效率与传统控制器进行比较。从理论上讲，非经典控制器的更高动态特性必须带来更高的效率。在18 kW的试验台上模拟了一个180 kW的风力涡轮机，其仿真模型已通过现场数据验证。该仿真器也已通过验证。试验台试验是在数值模拟和实际系统之间进行试验的非常有用的步骤，因为它们可以分析某些在模拟中可能不会出现的现象，而不会危及真实系统。在试验台上进行的试验表明，非常规控制器可提高空气动力学效率，而较高的机械转矩和电力波动则抵消了这种效率。但是，这些波动的幅度与其额定值相比相对较低。

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