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Assessing synergy of incentives and nudges in the energy policy mix

机译：在能量政策组合中评估激励措施的协同作用

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Should policy-makers combine price incentives with behavioural nudges to encourage sustainable energy behaviour? Available evidence from various behavioural sciences is scarce and inconclusive about synergy of the two instruments. This is partly due to methodological limitations. We offer a framework to overcome such limitations in future research and to guide policy-making. It includes four cases: no synergy, positive synergy, weak negative synergy, and strong negative synergy or backfire. The adoption of a policy mix is recommended in the first two cases, and may be pursued in the third case. To clarify the underlying mechanisms of the synergy, a distinction is made between crowding (in/out) of intrinsic motivations by incentives and crowding (in/out) of extrinsic motivations by nudges. This distinction turns out to be especially relevant in the case of weakly negative synergy, as here behavioural and temporal spillover effects require consideration from the policy-maker as well. We end with broader reflections regarding other policy criteria for the design of an adequate energy policy mix.
机译：政策制定者是否应将价格激励与行为轨道相结合，以鼓励可持续的能源行为？来自各种行为科学的可用证据是稀缺，两种工具协同作用的稀缺性和不确定。这部分是由于方法论限制。我们提供框架，以克服未来的研究和指导政策制定的这种局限性。它包括四个案例：没有协同作用，积极协同，弱负极协同，以及强的负面协同效应或反馈。在前两个案件中建议采用政策组合，并在第三案中追求。为了澄清协同作用的潜在机制，通过粗俗的外在动机的激励和拥挤（IN / OUT）拥挤（IN / OUT）内在动机之间的区别。在弱负极协同作用的情况下，这种区别尤为相关，因为这里的行为和时间溢出效应也需要从政策制定者那里考虑。我们以更广泛的思考结束了关于设计适当能源政策组合的其他政策标准。

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