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Economic evaluation of small modular nuclear reactors and the complications of regulatory fee structures

机译:小型模块化核反应堆的经济评估和监管费用结构的复杂性

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Carbon emission concerns and volatility in fossil fuel resources have renewed world-wide interest in nuclear energy as a solution to growing energy demands. Several large nuclear reactors are currently under construction in the United States, representing the first new construction in over 30 years. Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) have been in design for many years and offer potential technical and economic advantages compared with traditionally larger reactors. Current SMR capital and operational expenses have a wide range of uncertainty. This work evaluates the potential for SMRS in the US, develops a robust techno-economic assessment of SMRs, and leverages the model to evaluate US regulatory fees structures. Modeling includes capital expenses of a factory facility and capital and operational expenses with multiple scenarios explored through a component level capital cost model. Policy regarding the licensing and regulation of SMRs is under development with proposed annual US regulatory fees evaluated through the developed techno-economic model. Results show regulatory fees are a potential barrier to the economic viability of SMRs with an alternate fee structure proposed and evaluated. The proposed fee structure is based on the re-distribution of fees for all nuclear reactors under a single structure based on reactor thermal power rating.
机译:碳排放问题和化石燃料资源的波动性已经重新引起了全世界对核能的关注,以解决不断增长的能源需求。美国目前正在建造几座大型核反应堆,这是30多年来的第一座新反应堆。小型模块化反应堆(SMR)的设计已有多年历史,与传统的大型反应堆相比,具有潜在的技术和经济优势。当前的SMR资本和运营支出具有很大的不确定性。这项工作评估了在美国SMRS的潜力,开发了对SMR的可靠技术经济评估,并利用该模型评估了美国监管费用结构。建模包括工厂设施的资本支出以及资本和运营支出,并通过组件级资本成本模型探索了多种方案。有关SMR许可和监管的政策正在制定中,建议的年度美国监管费用通过发达的技术经济模型进行评估。结果表明,监管费用是SMR经济可行性的潜在障碍,并建议并评估了替代费用结构。拟议的收费结构是根据核反应堆热功率额定值在单个结构下对所有核反应堆的收费进行重新分配而得出的。

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