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Technology learning in a small open economy-The systems, modelling and exploiting the learning effect

机译:小型开放经济中的技术学习-系统,建模和利用学习效果

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摘要

This paper reviews the characteristics of technology learning and discusses its application in energy system modelling in a global-local perspective. Its influence on the national energy system, exemplified by Norway, is investigated using a global and national Markal model. The dynamic nature of the learning system boundary and coupling between the national energy system and the global development and manufacturing system is elaborated. Some criteria important for modelling of spillover1 are suggested. Particularly, to ensure balance in global energy demand and supply and accurately reflect alternative global pathways spillover for all technologies as well as energy carrier cost/prices should be estimated under the same global scenario. The technology composition, CO_2 emissions and system cost in Norway up to 2050 exhibit sensitivity to spillover. Moreover, spillover may reduce both CO_2 emissions and total system cost. National energy system analysis of low carbon society should therefore consider technology development paths in global policy scenarios. Without the spillover from international deployment a domestic technology relies only on endogenous national learning. However, with high but realistic learning rates offshore floating wind may become cost-efficient even if initially deployed only in Norwegian niche markets.
机译:本文回顾了技术学习的特点,并从全局-局部的角度讨论了其在能源系统建模中的应用。使用全球和国家马克模型研究了其对国家能源系统的影响,以挪威为例。详细阐述了学习系统边界的动态性质,以及国家能源系统与全球开发和制造系统之间的耦合。建议了一些对溢流建模的重要标准。特别是,为确保全球能源需求和供应之间的平衡,并准确反映替代性全球途径,应在同一全球情景下估算所有技术的溢出效应以及能源运营商的成本/价格。挪威到2050年的技术成分,CO_2排放量和系统成本都表现出对溢出的敏感性。此外,外溢可能会减少CO_2排放量和系统总成本。因此,低碳社会的国家能源系统分析应考虑全球政策情景中的技术发展路径。没有国际部署的溢出效应,国内技术仅依靠内生的国家学习。但是,尽管学习率很高但很现实,即使最初仅在挪威的利基市场中部署,海上浮动风也可能具有成本效益。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Energy Policy》 |2011年第5期|p.2361-2372|共12页
  • 作者

    Thomas Martinsen;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Energy Technology, P.O. box 40, 2027 Kjeller, Norway,Industrial Ecology Programme, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    National energy systems analysis; Technology learning; Spillover;

    机译:国家能源系统分析;技术学习;溢出;

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