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Intra-union flexibility of non-ETS emission reduction obligations in the European Union

机译：欧盟非ETS减排义务的工会内部灵活性

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摘要

The EU proposal on greenhouse gas emission reduction has 28 targets for 2020: an EU-wide one for CO_2 emissions covered by the European Trading System (ETS), and one target for non-ETS emissions per Member State. Implementation is more expensive than needed. I consider three alternative proposals to reduce costs. In the Irish proposal, Member States can purchase ETS permits to offset excess non-ETS emissions. In the Polish proposal, Member States can sell excess non-ETS emissions in the ETS. In the Swedish proposal, Member States can trade their non-ETS allocations. I compare these alternatives to the default policy (no flexibility outside the ETS) and the cost-effective solution (full flexibility). I calibrate a simple model to the results of the EU impact assessment, which did not disclose all details and made odd assumptions. The non-ETS allocation exceeds the projected emissions for three Member States. The alternative flexibility mechanisms would be used to only a limited extent, but would cut the costs of meeting the target. The Swedish and Polish proposals come closest to the cost-effective solution because of the hot air. The Irish proposal performs best if there are negative surprises in either abatement costs or emissions. The Swedish proposal will become policy.
机译：欧盟关于减少温室气体排放的提案有2020年的28个目标：欧盟范围内的一个针对欧洲贸易体系（ETS）涵盖的CO_2排放的目标，以及一个针对每个成员国的非ETS排放的目标。实施比所需的成本更高。我考虑了三种降低成本的替代方案。在爱尔兰的提案中，成员国可以购买ETS许可证以抵消非ETS的过量排放。在波兰的提案中，成员国可以在ETS中出售多余的非ETS排放物。在瑞典的提案中，成员国可以交易其非ETS拨款。我将这些替代方案与默认策略（ETS之外没有灵活性）和具有成本效益的解决方案（完全灵活性）进行了比较。我针对欧盟影响评估的结果校准了一个简单的模型，该模型并未披露所有细节，并且做出了奇怪的假设。非ETS分配超过了三个成员国的预计排放量。替代性灵活性机制将仅在有限的范围内使用，但会削减实现目标的成本。由于热空气，瑞典和波兰的提议最接近具有成本效益的解决方案。如果减排成本或排放量出现负面影响，则爱尔兰的提案将表现最佳。瑞典的提案将成为政策。

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  • 来源
    《Energy Policy》 |2009年第5期|1745-1752|共8页
  • 作者

    Richard S.J. Tol;

  • 作者单位

    Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Spatial Economics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    climate change; emissions trade; european union;

    机译：气候变化;排放贸易;欧洲联盟;

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