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首页> 外文期刊>Energy Policy >Welfare distribution effect of a price reduction in the Dutch gas transport market: A scenario analysis of regulatory policy, market form and rent allocation
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Welfare distribution effect of a price reduction in the Dutch gas transport market: A scenario analysis of regulatory policy, market form and rent allocation

机译：荷兰天然气运输市场降价带来的福利分配效应：监管政策，市场形式和租金分配的情景分析

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As part of the larger energy market deregulation program, the Dutch energy authority—DTe—has developed the habit to force the Dutch gas transport enterprise—Gas Transport Services, or GTS—to lower its prices. DTe's key argument is that lower gas transport prices will benefit the end-user. Indeed, that might well be the case. This policy, in general, is in line with European legislation on the liberalization of the gas market. We model and simulate the (domestic) welfare effects of a 5 percent transport price reduction. From this, we conclude that at least three observations complicate matters substantially. First, GTS is government-owned, and the dominant shipper—Gasunie Trade & Supply (or GasTerra, as it was recoined recently)—is partly so (50%). Second, shippers enter into the competitive game to make profits. Third, not only is the majority of gas transported in the Netherlands exported to foreign end-users, but also foreign owners have a large stake in Dutch shippers. As a result, part of the rents will always be distributed, or will 'leak' away, to foreign consumers and shippers (or their shareholders). These three observations together have three important implications. First, state ownership implies that much rent allocation is simply a matter of circulating money from one government sub-budget to the other. Second, given that the industry is imperfectly competitive, part of the rents will not be passed on to the end-consumers. Third, it is unavoidable that a substantial part of the rents are transferred abroad. A general conclusion for policy-makers is that market liberalization might not bring ex post what they expected ex ante.
机译：作为更大的能源市场放松管制计划的一部分，荷兰能源主管部门DTe已经养成了迫使荷兰天然气运输企业天然气运输服务公司（GTS）降低价格的习惯。 DTe的主要论点是，较低的天然气运输价格将使最终用户受益。确实，情况确实如此。总体而言，该政策符合欧洲关于天然气市场自由化的立法。我们对运输价格降低5％的（国内）福利影响进行建模和模拟。据此，我们得出结论，至少有三个观察结果使问题复杂化。首先，GTS是政府所有的，而主要的托运人Gasunie Trade＆Supply（或最近被重新认可的GasTerra）也是如此（50％）。其次，托运人进入竞争游戏以获利。第三，不仅在荷兰运输的大部分天然气出口到外国最终用户，而且外国所有人在荷兰托运人中也占有很大份额。结果，部分租金将始终被分配或“泄漏”给外国消费者和托运人（或其股东）。这三个观察结果共同具有三个重要含义。首先，国家所有权意味着大量的租金分配只是将资金从一个政府子预算转移到另一个政府子预算。其次，鉴于行业竞争不完善，部分租金将不会转嫁给最终消费者。第三，不可避免地有很大一部分租金转移到国外。决策者的一般结论是，市场自由化可能不会事前带来预期。

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