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Useful models for simulating policies to induce technological change

机译：模拟政策以诱导技术变革的有用模型

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摘要

Conventional top-down and bottom-up energy-economy models have limitations that affect their usefulness to policy-makers. Efforts to develop hybrid models, that incorporate valuable aspects of these two frameworks, may be more useful by representing technologies in the energy-economy explicitly while also representing more realistically the way in which businesses and consumers choose between those technologies. This representation allows for the realistic simulation of a wide range of technology-specific regulations and fiscal incentives alongside economy-wide fiscal incentives and disincentives. These policies can be assessed based on the costs required to reach a goal in the medium term, as well as on the degree to which they induce technological change that affects costs over long time periods.
机译：传统的自上而下和自下而上的能源经济模型存在局限性，影响了其对决策者的实用性。通过明确表示能源经济中的技术，同时也更现实地表示企业和消费者在这两种技术之间进行选择的方式，开发结合了这两个框架的宝贵方面的混合模型可能会更加有用。这种表示方式可以对各种技术特定的法规和财政激励措施以及整个经济范围内的财政激励措施和激励措施进行现实的模拟。可以根据中期目标所需要的成本以及这些策略在多长时间内诱发技术变化来影响成本，从而评估这些政策。

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