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首页> 外文期刊>Energy >Does a carbon tax make sense in countries with still a high potential for energy efficiency? Comparison between the reducing-emissions effects of carbon tax and energy efficiency measures in the Chilean case
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Does a carbon tax make sense in countries with still a high potential for energy efficiency? Comparison between the reducing-emissions effects of carbon tax and energy efficiency measures in the Chilean case

机译：在仍具有较高能源效率潜力的国家中，碳税是否有意义？智利案例中碳税和能源效率措施的减排效果比较

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摘要

Many countries have not yet successfully decoupled their growth and their energy consumption. Moreover, power production frequently entails a number of negative externalities, like greenhouse gas emissions from therm electrical units. This situation has highlighted the need for countries to move towards sustainable economic growth. Accordingly, many countries have proposed and established measures to decrease their carbon emissions. In this line, the Chilean government has just passed a carbon tax of $5/Ton CO(2)e. In this work, we compare the effects on reducing CO2 emissions of this carbon tax and of some energy efficiency measures in the power sector. The results obtained indicate that the imposed carbon tax will produce an expected annual reduction in CO2 emissions of 1% with respect to the estimated baseline during the 2014-2024 period. However, this reduction will be accompanied by an expected 3.4% increase in the marginal cost of power production on the main Chilean power system. In contrast, the introduction of some energy efficiency measures, aimed to reduce 2% of the power demand of the residential sector, could achieve larger reductions in CO2 emissions, while simultaneously decreasing energy price. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：许多国家尚未成功将其增长与能源消耗脱钩。此外，电力生产经常带来许多负面的外部影响，例如热电设备产生的温室气体排放。这种情况凸显了各国必须朝着可持续的经济增长迈进。因此，许多国家已经提出并建立了减少碳排放的措施。在这方面，智利政府刚刚通过了每吨CO（2）e 5美元的碳税。在这项工作中，我们比较了碳税和电力部门一些节能措施对减少二氧化碳排放的影响。获得的结果表明，征收的碳税将使2014-2024年期间的二氧化碳排放量相对于估计的基准每年减少1％。但是，这种减少将伴随智利主要电力系统的电力生产边际成本预计增加3.4％。相比之下，采取旨在减少住宅部门2％的电力需求的节能措施，可以实现二氧化碳排放量的更大减少，同时降低能源价格。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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