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Approximate limit load evaluation of structural frames using linear elastic analysis

机译：使用线性弹性分析评估结构框架的近似极限载荷

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摘要

This work investigates applications and limitations of iterative modulus variation procedures combined with linear elastic analysis to calculate lower bounds of collapse loads. These modulus variation procedures are currently used to account for inelastic behavior in pressure vessel and piping system design. Here, applications to framed structures are studied. Three different modulus variation procedures are implemented within a conventional linear elastic finite element code and compared. The procedure that reduces only elastic moduli at high stressed elements of a structural model is found to be the most convenient strategy to estimate collapse conditions. This procedure is then applied to two- and three-dimensional frames, with homogeneous and non-homogeneous cross-sections, and assuming both constant and proportional loading. Using this procedure, it is possible to predict satisfactory approximations of collapse loads and failure mechanisms. In earthquake engineering practice if the earthquake motions are simulated as equivalent static proportional loads, this simplified procedure may be a useful and economical tool in the implementation of performance based design procedures in preliminary engineering, in verification processes, in structural optimization, and when facing complex geometric configurations. This procedure can be used to estimate approximations of both load redistribution in collapse conditions and failure modes when assuming different lateral load patterns along with gravity loads. It can be useful to determine optimum failure modes in new structures or weak links in existing structures. The method requires only minimal conceptual bases for application and moderate computational effort.
机译：这项工作研究了迭代模量变化过程与线性弹性分析相结合来计算塌陷载荷下限的应用和局限性。这些模量变化程序目前用于解释压力容器和管道系统设计中的非弹性行为。在这里，研究了对框架结构的应用。在常规的线性弹性有限元代码中实现并比较了三种不同的模量变化过程。发现仅减少结构模型的高应力单元处的弹性模量的过程是估计倒塌条件的最便捷策略。然后，将该过程应用于具有均质和非均质横截面的二维和三维框架，并假定恒定和比例载荷。使用此程序，可以预测坍塌载荷和破坏机理的令人满意的近似值。在地震工程实践中，如果将地震运动模拟为等效的静态比例载荷，则此简化过程对于在初步工程，验证过程，结构优化以及面对复杂环境中实施基于性能的设计过程时可能是一种有用且经济的工具。几何配置。当采用不同的侧向载荷模式和重力载荷时，该程序可用于估计在塌陷状态和破坏模式下的载荷重新分布的近似值。确定新结构或现有结构中的薄弱环节的最佳失效模式可能很有用。该方法仅需要最少的应用概念基础和适度的计算工作。

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